logo

19 pages 38 minutes read

Richard Siken

You Are Jeff

Fiction | Poem | Adult | Published in 2019

A modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.

Themes

Queer Desire and Identity

Everyone is Jeff in this poem, including the speaker and the addressee. At times, the male speaker might be talking to himself, to his male lover, or to all the men he has ever known: “They are the same and they are not the same” (Stanza 3). These words refer to the twins on motorbikes, but they are both called Jeff and “each Jeff wants to be the other one” (Stanza 3). In fact, “they’re not brothers, they’re just one guy” (Stanza 20), but the speaker is “all of them—Jeff and Jeff and Jeff and Jeff” (Stanza 23). Some Jeffs love each other. Some Jeffs are like each other. Some of them love each other because they are like each other. Or maybe the other way around. The poem speaks to the interplay between desire and identity. The two twins on motorbikes are positioned on the road “depending on which twin you are in love with at the time” (Stanza 1), but also “depending on which Jeff you are” (Stanza 3). Since the twins and Jeff are the same, or versions of the same, desire and identity become practically indistinguishable. At one moment the speaker asks, “Who do you love, Jeff?” (Stanza 12); soon after, the question becomes “Who do you want to be?” (Stanza 18). Are these two different questions or two ways of asking the same question? In a sense, one finds oneself in one’s lover, perhaps especially when referring to being gay because gay men share the experiences of marginalized desire and social disapproval. They are versions of the same, as are all gay lovers a man may have in his life. In all of them the man will find a piece of himself; each of them will become part of who the man is because they share a history. The same may be true of other important men in the man’s life—such as Jeff the father and Jeff the brother (Stanza 7)—but the role of lovers is more vexed because identification overlaps with desire and because the emotion involved is often more intense but not as lasting. Lovers are more likely to leave you and to take a part of you with them, which is another key theme in the poem.

Queer Desire and Heartbreak

In this poem full of doubling and ambiguity, even the heart “has two heads”: one “is monologing about hesitation and fulfillment” while the other “is drowning” (Stanza 11). As love hesitatingly promises fulfillment, the possibility of heartbreak is already there: “Does love even care?” (Stanza 11). This is “a love story, after all” (Stanza 13), but being in love is like having cancer or a bruise that will not heal. “This is the essence of love and failure” (Stanza 13), which go hand in hand. Lovers dancing “cheek to cheek” may be real or a memory or a fantasy: “he’s there or he isn’t” (Stanza 17). The poem presents love as fragile and hard to maintain. “You just wanted […] one safe place where you could love him. You have not found that place yet” (Stanza 18). Various passages allude to lost lovers and broken relationships: “the things you left behind” (Stanza 19) and the things “[w]e used to do” (Stanza 21). The speaker promises to “come back from the dead for you” (Stanza 21), but his words sound more wistful than hopeful. The poem ends optimistically, with two men expressing love for each other, “and you feel your heart taking root in your body” (Stanza 24). But the reader has learned that the heart has two heads, so as love, once again, promises fulfillment in the final lines, the reader is left to wonder whether heartbreak is around the corner.

Queer Desire and Aggression

The interweaving of desire and aggression permeates the poem, especially in the descriptions of the twins, who also represent male lovers: “Two brothers: one of them wants to take you apart. Two brothers: one of them wants to put you back together. It’s time to choose sides now” (Stanza 18). This might be a choice between two lovers, but the twins are also two manifestations of the same man. Loving him implies both a threat of being taken apart and the promise of being made whole again. Desire can lead to either or both outcomes, and the poem repeatedly emphasizes this duality. When the twins wrestle on the side of the road (Stanza 5), the intensity of their physical engagement with each other suggests sexual passion as much as aggression, especially in the confused gaze of the 12-year-old boy in a passing car, who observes it with wonder mixed with some unspoken need (Stanza 8). Positive and negative feelings blend into each other. Love is like a cancer with “its hands inside you” (Stanza 13) but also “the light inside you,” and that light is both “like a blessing” and “like a knee in the chest” (Stanza 14). Good and evil intermingle: “God is the space between two men and the Devil is the space between two men” (Stanza 23). This erosion of boundaries between love and harm persists throughout the collection in which “You Are Jeff” appears; in fact, it is embodied in its ambiguous title: Crush. That word means both infatuation (as in “having a crush on someone”) and destruction (as in “crushing someone”). Desire has both dismantling and recuperative power, perhaps especially desire between men because it is often accompanied with social condemnation and internalized shame (see Social Context).

blurred text
blurred text
blurred text
blurred text