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59 pages 1 hour read

Christopher Paul Curtis

The Watsons Go to Birmingham – 1963

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1995

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Chapters 10-12Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 10 Summary: “Tangled Up in God’s Beard”

The family stops at a rest stop near Toledo, Ohio, where only outhouse-style bathrooms are available. Kenny and Byron opt to take toilet paper into the woods instead. They eat sandwiches and try to make grape Kool-Aid with water from a pump, but it tastes metallic and they dump most of it. Momma and Dad warn Byron that Grandma Sands’s house has an outhouse, too: “The way she looks at it a house is a whole lot nicer place if the facilities are outside” (140). Momma checks the notebook for notes on food and other details for their trip, and the kids soon fall asleep in the backseat. Kenny hears Momma asking Dad how he’s doing as they approach Cincinnati, their first planned overnight stop. Dad indicates he wants to keep going. Kenny can tell Momma thinks this will throw off her plans in the notebook. Kenny knows the truth because he overheard Dad talking to Mr. Johnson before the trip: Dad wants to avoid stopping altogether and drive straight through. He asked Mr. Johnson if the car was capable of that many hours of driving. Mr. Johnson told him, “The question isn’t the car, the question is could you do it straight?” (143). Dad thinks he can.

They arrive at another rest stop in the middle of the Appalachian Mountains. The dark and the sight of the shadowy mountains all around them are scary: “It looked like someone had crumpled up a pitch-black blanket and dropped the Weird Watsons down into the middle of it” (143). Byron warns of hillbillies, and Momma is aggravated and concerned with the lack of facilities, accusing Dad of taking them “straight into Hell” instead of the motel she planned (146). Kenny says, “Hell? I thought you said this was Tennessee!” (146), prompting Joey to cry. They eat and use the woods for a bathroom again. Byron warns Kenny of hillbillies and rednecks, whom he explains would likely “hang you now, then eat you later” (146). Back in the car, they feel the cool mountain air on their fingers when they put their hands out the window, and Dad comments that it feels like tickling God’s beard.

Chapter 11 Summary: “Bobo Brazil Meets the Sheik”

Kenny wakes at dawn in the front seat and notes that the Ultra-Glide is stuck and repeating a line. He drifts off again and wakes next when it is brighter out. Dad says they should keep the broken record player a secret from Momma, and Kenny agrees. Joey and Kenny offer to stay awake with Dad, but both fall asleep again. Kenny wakes up in Alabama. Dad is listening to country music and joking that they will all change their names to country names like Billy-Bob and Daisy Mae. Dad chatters because he is so tired and wonders how Momma felt when she realized he did not plan to stop. He says he stayed awake by “locking into” the road and thinking how a friend of his, Joe Espinosa, drove to Texas without an overnight break. He also comments on the wear and tear of the trip on Kenny, Joey, and Byron: “Yeah, I swear I been looking in the rearview mirror and wondering where my babies were and where these three bad-dispositioned, sour-faced middle age midgets came from. But your sorry little mugs couldn’t stop me either” (153).

They arrive in Momma’s old neighborhood in Birmingham. Kenny is surprised to see that Grandma Sands is not at all scary: “What came out was a teeny-weeny, old, old, old woman that looked just like Momma would if someone shrank her down about five sizes and sucked all the juice out of her!” (156). They each greet her politely and hug her, with Grandma Sands asking for stronger hugs. Joey cries. Because they are so early, Grandma says she will send Byron to the store for food. She also alludes to a boyfriend, Mr. Robert, whom Momma did not know about. Kenny looked forward to the ultimate faceoff of two stubborn, strong, mean individuals in Grandma Sands and Byron, but Byron is immediately and consistently polite and deferential to Grandma Sands. Kenny is disappointed: “It seemed like all the fight was out of Byron and we’d only been in Birmingham for a couple of minutes” (161).

Chapter 12 Summary: “That Dog Won’t Hunt No More”

Kenny wakes after a hot and sweaty night in Alabama. He goes outside to see Byron, Dad, Mr. Robert, and Mr. Robert’s dog, Toddy. Mr. Robert is explaining how Toddy used to be a good hunting dog but is too old for the hunt now. Mr. Robert tells a story about saving Toddy from drowning when the dog trailed a coon into a lake. Mr. Robert hauled the dog out, then resuscitated it by breathing into its nose. Inside, Kenny eats bacon and cereal while Momma and Grandma Sands catch up. They also mention “how much trouble people were having with some white people down here” (166). Grandma Sands tells Momma that Mr. Robert is “her dearest friend” in a tone that stops Momma’s fussing about it (168); Kenny hears Grandma Sands give his mother “a real good scolding” (168). The heat makes Kenny feel sleepy, but going with Mr. Robert, Dad, Joey, and Byron to see fishing spots, he notices Byron seems wide awake and “like he was having a great time” (168).

Chapters 10-12 Analysis

This section of the novel is marked by several complications and discoveries that build up along the rising action of the plotline. Over the evening and night of the family road trip, Momma gradually gets the idea that Dad is not going to stop driving. This makes all her carefully made plans inconsequential, though as Dad points out later in analyzing the drive, they saved a lot of money by avoiding motels and a longer trip. His choice to drive through without stopping lands them at a very dark and scary rest stop in the middle of the mountains and puts them at Grandma Sands’s house days ahead of time—subtle plot complications that foreshadow Kenny’s discomfort upon arrival due to the heat and Byron’s reaction to Birmingham.

As a series of events, the trip and the experiences in Birmingham contribute to Kenny’s coming-of-age and rapid character development. Up to the start of the trip, Kenny has served as a dutiful and sometimes humorous narrator, relating the idiosyncrasies of his family and the conflicts created by his brother. Now Kenny’s fascination with and reaction to new places and concepts remind readers that at 10, he is naïve to many experiences outside of Flint; he is shocked by the outhouse rest stops, doesn’t care for the metallic-tasting water from pumps, has never seen mountains like the Appalachians, and has to ask Byron what a “hillbilly” is. Kenny is clearly out of his element and unsure of moving about in the new one, especially when he arrives in Birmingham only to discover new ironies. After looking forward to the battle of wills that would surely ensue between Grandma Sands and Byron, Byron appears to be polite and mature toward her, deferring to her requests and questions readily. Byron also falls right in with Mr. Robert and Mr. Robert’s stories, appearing to genuinely enjoy them. Finally, Kenny is surprised to discover that his Momma can be scolded; she behaves like a reprimanded child when Grandma Sands makes it clear that Mr. Robert is allowed to be there.

These role changes combine with the aftereffects of the long ride and the unrelenting heat to make Kenny feel out of sorts and sleepy, foreshadowing his moody mindset, which will lead him to choose unwisely to go to the forbidden Collier’s Landing.

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