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79 pages 2 hours read

Nadia Hashimi

The Pearl That Broke Its Shell

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2014

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Chapters 58-63Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 58 Summary: “Shekiba”

Shekiba and Gulnaz grow closer to each other as Aasif’s frustration increases. Gulnaz becomes pregnant, giving them some respite. Aasif’s family “quieted, their whisperings that he should take a third wife silenced temporarily” (362). When Gulnaz goes into labor, Shekiba fetches the midwife. The child is a girl. Aasif is furious: Having a girl adds to his humiliation. Shekiba hears the baby cry and thinks, “Even a newborn can tell she is not wanted” (363). Shekiba, who helped many new mothers in the Harem, takes care of Gulnaz and the baby, who Gulnaz names Shabnam, “Morning dewdrops” (364). Gulnaz tells Shekiba she is glad she is here; this shocks Shekiba, who has never been praised by her. Aasif does not want to hold the baby. He wanted to name her Benafsha. Gulnaz refused. A year passes. Shabnam has two mothers. The Baraan family is disgusted with Aasif and his wives. Shekiba and Gulnaz’s mother-in-law is spiteful. She finds Shekiba’s countenance repugnant. 

Chapter 59 Summary: “Shekiba

Shekiba is pregnant. She is now firmly anchored in her role as a woman. Aasif secretly loves his daughter, but he only shows it when he thinks nobody is looking. Shekiba explains to Gulnaz, “A girl doesn’t belong to her parents. A daughter belongs to others” (368). Shekiba hides her pregnancy until it is physically impossible. Aasif is hopeful; Gulnaz recognizes that if it is a son, it will change things for her. She tells Shekiba how much the past two years have changed Aasif. She does not know what more disappointment would do to him. Shekiba prays for a son. Shekiba’s prayers are answered. Aasif names the boy Shah, giving vent to his hatred of King Habibullah. Shekiba wanted to name her son Ismail. She begins to fear the evil eye and disease.

Aasif tells Shekiba that cholera is spreading throughout Kabul. Shekiba is immediately worried about Shah. Aasif says, “You’re his mother so it’s up to you to keep him from getting sick” (371). After the disease passes, leaving the family unscathed, Shekiba becomes overly protective of Shah. Gulnaz grows jealous and forces Shabnam away from Shekiba. Shekiba and Gulnaz grow more distant from each other. Gulnaz begins to suspect tat the evil eye talismans that Shekiba puts around the house are directed at her. She begins to shower “Shah with compliments, purposefully not invoking the name of God” (373). Frightened and frustrated, Shekiba does the same toward Shabnam. Gulnaz is shocked. Shabnam directs their attention to the canaries. One has died. They regard it as a bad omen.

Chapter 60 Summary: “Shekiba”

The years pass and Shekiba and Gulnaz maintain a cordial but bitter relationship. Gulnaz has no other children. Shah and Shabnam are ideal siblings despite their mothers’ animosity. Shabnam is beautiful and cheerful; Shah is bigger and stronger than most boys his age. In February of 1919, King Habibullah is assassinated. The country falls into panic. Aasif tells his wives that this means Amanullah is king, unless the assassination was a coup. Aasif reconnects with Amanullah.

The king’s brother, Nasrullah is proclaimed successor. This angers Amanullah. The prince is still in control of the army and treasury. He declares himself king. Aasif “carefully worked to bring himself closer to Amanullah, and the new king welcomed his friend’s counsel in such a difficult time” (378). Amanullah vows to avenge his father and to reform his country in a new, progressive direction. He jails Nasrullah and 12 other conspirators. Due to his connection with the king, Aasif hosts many important people at his house. This means more work for his wives, but it gives them a boost in social status. This particularly pleases Gulnaz. Amanullah challenges the British forces at the Indian border. Afghanistan wins its independence from England. 

Chapter 61 Summary: “Rahima”

At the end of the traditional 40 days of mourning, Abdul Khaliq calls for Rahima. He flies into a fury when she gives him an angry look. Abdul Khaliq beats Rahima. He accuses her of being even worse of a mother than a wife. Abdul Khaliq pins Rahima down and begins to saw off her hair with a dull knife. He uses her past as a bacha posh against her and attempts to cut her hair into a masculine style. Rahima, who still blames herself for Jahangir’s death, almost wishes Abdul Khaliq will kill her, but he does not. In her room, Rahima begins to bleed. Rahima “may have killed one of Abdul Khaliq’s children. But he had just killed another” (384).

Chapter 62 Summary: “Rahima”

Abdul Khaliq lets Rahima visit Jahangir’s grave only once, but only accompanied with his mother. Gulalai wails and laments. Rahim I silent at first, but her sorrow breaks her resolve. Gulalai chastises her for grieving too loudly. Gulalai spreads breadcrumbs over all graves except one for finches to eat. Rahima asks whose grave she excluded. It is Gulalai’s mother-in-law, who she hates to this day. She will not pray for her soul. Back in the car, Gulalai reflects on her mother-in-law’s death. She was unappreciative of Gulalai until the end. Rahima is still choked by grief. She decides to go back to Kabul with Badriya when the time comes. 

Chapter 63 Summary: “Rahima”

It is difficult for Rahima to focus on her parliamentary work. She is too distracted thinking about Jahangir. Badriya notices and is laxer with her than in the past. Rahima spends more time with Hamida and Sufia, whose presence is a great comfort. Rahima floats through her “daily routine in a perpetual state of misery” driven by her fear of Abdul Khaliq. Badriya shares the news that Abdul Khaliq is thinking of marrying a beautiful girl named Khatol. She does not answer when Rahima asks what will happen to the rest of the wives. She does not know Rahima overheard her and Gulalai’s conversation. Rahima does not understand why Abdul Khaliq suddenly cares about conforming to the Islamic law that prohibits a man from having more than four wives in the hadith.

Rahima practices typing with Ms. Franklin. She writes letters to her sisters that are never sent. Fakhria continues to visit, sharing stories of the girls in the shelter and trying to get parliament funding through Hamida and Sufia. Rahima knows there is no chance of this working. There are four weeks left until winter recess. Rahima wonders how Khala Shaima is. When they last spoke, Khala Shaima believed she was inching ever closer to death. She told Rahima to be proud that she is descended from Shekiba. Rohila is to be married into a good family, leaving Sitara to fend for herself. As much as Rahima wanted to help her sisters, “Abdul Khaliq’s walls were high and his leash short” (395).

Feeling trapped in their hotel room, Rahima leaves. She approaches Maroof and Hassan, knowing there will be trouble if she leaves without a chaperone. She overhears them speaking about her and Badriya. Maroof told Abdul Khaliq about Rahima’s frequent visits to the learning center with Hamida and Sufia. Abdul Khaliq is furious that they have not been guarding his wives. The two men decide to tell Abdul Khaliq that Rahima snuck out without their permission. They recall the time in the market when Abdul Khaliq stopped them so he could examine Rahima when she was a bacha posh. Rahima is terrified. They have sold her out to save themselves. She knows that Abdul Khaliq is a violent, angry man; he “must have been wild with rage” (397). She goes back to the room to think. They will be returning home in three days. 

Chapters 58-63 Analysis

The hadith is a collection of sayings, rulings, approvals, and prohibitions by the Prophet Mohammad. It is an important moral and societal background for many Muslims. Though he is a pious man for the sake of appearances, Abdul Khaliq does not seem the type to “let rules dictate his decisions. If he wanted to have five wives, or twenty-five for that matter, he would” (392). Part of Abdul Khaliq’s growing dislike for Rahima is rooted in her past as a bacha posh, even though this is what attracted his attention to her in the first place. Not only does Rahima carry the stigma of having “been” a boy, she also carries the social implications that the role of bacha posh entails. It is fundamentally a role of necessity: In a society where women are devalued, it is a mark of shame for a man to only have daughters. In addition, bacha posh are most commonly in poor families. This brings Abdul Khaliq the added shame of having married a girl of low social status.

Without Jahangir, Rahima’s position is more uncertain than ever. Their son was the only positive point of contact between her and Abdul Khaliq. After the requisite 40 days of mourning, during which Abdul Khaliq was subdued, he returns to his usual, violent nature. For a time, it almost seemed as if his character changed. This section of the novel is marked by the darkest aspects of motherhood: fear of loss, and loss itself. Shekiba turns out to be an excellent, if over-protective, mother. Ironically, it was during her time as a man in which she learned the finer points of motherhood, including the traditional folk remedies associated with pregnancy and childbirth.

Shekiba is deeply superstitious, which is ironic because of her cursing Bobo Shahgul and Ghafoor earlier in the novel, and because many onlookers treat her as a cursed being or a monster due to her disfigurement. Now that she has a child, she fears losing him more than anything; she takes every precaution, from boiling his clothing to posting amulets that protect against the evil eye all around the house. Gulnaz misreads Shekiba’s intentions, thinking the evil eyes are directed at her. To Gulnaz, this means that Shekiba does not trust her. This causes a rift between them that never heals. 

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