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58 pages 1 hour read

Thrity Umrigar

The Museum of Failures

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2023

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Book 1, Chapters 1-10Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Book 1, Chapter 1 Summary

Content Warning: This section discusses parental abuse and ableism. It also replicates, in direct quotes from the source material, some offensive language surrounding physical and intellectual disability.

Sleep evades Remy Wadia, who has just arrived in Bombay, India, from Columbus, Ohio. He lies in bed at his friends Jehangir “Jango” and Shenaz’s place. He has not visited home or his mother, Shirin, since his father, Cyrus, passed away three years ago. He hopes that things will go better between him and Shirin this time around, as he doesn’t have to act as a buffer between his parents. Remy remembers a visit to the zoo as a child. His parents had been fighting, and when he ran to hug a teary Shirin, she pushed him away. Cyrus berated Shirin for venting her anger toward him on their son and took Remy to the zoo as a consolation.

Remy showers and gets ready for the day as Jango and Shenaz feed him a scrumptious breakfast. They chat about Monaz, Shenaz’s 19-year-old niece whom Remy is here to meet. She is a college student and didn’t realize that she was pregnant until she was five months in. Her father, Shenaz’s brother, is very conservative, and Shenaz doesn’t know what he would do if he found out. Monaz is accordingly giving the baby to Remy and his wife, Kathy, who have been trying to adopt from India for the past year. Jango stresses that this will be good since the baby is half Parsi; there’s no way of knowing a baby’s family history through a non-private adoption. Remy, who is embarrassed to have had the same thought, changes the subject. However, a tearful Monaz arrives at Jango and Shenaz’s shortly after and apologizes for making Remy come all the way from the US, as she has decided to keep the baby.

Book 1, Chapter 2 Summary

Monaz sullenly insists that she is going to marry Gaurav, the baby’s father, and a livid Jango and Shenaz assert that her father will never let her marry a non-Parsi. Remy steps away to call Kathy, who is upset at the news and apologizes for suggesting that they adopt from India; she had just wanted a child who looked like Remy. Remy dismisses Kathy’s apology even as he thinks about how India always disappoints. He remembers once telling Kathy how the happiest day of his life was when he received admittance into the Master of Fine Arts program at Ohio State University: “That letter had been his ticket out of the museum of failures and into a new world of possibility” (17).

Remy decides to cut his trip short and just spend a couple of days with his mother before returning home. Monaz apologizes to Remy once again. Gaurav, who was initially petrified and wanted nothing to do with Monaz when she revealed her pregnancy, has now promised to tell his parents so that they can marry before the child’s birth. Although he is disappointed, Remy wishes her well.

Book 1, Chapter 3 Summary

Remy arrives at his mother’s apartment and is shocked at the deteriorated state of the place when he is let in by Hema, the woman who comes to clean. Hema informs him that Shirin is in the hospital; she has been there for a few days following a bad cough and cold. Remy is stunned and wonders why Pervez and Roshan, his cousin and wife who live a few floors below, didn’t inform him. They live rent free in the apartment that once belonged to Cyrus and now is Remy’s, in exchange for an agreement that they check in on Shirin and handle her care. Remy is further shocked when Hema tells him that his mother has not spoken a word for months.

Remy goes down to Pervez’s apartment to find both the place and its occupant looking extremely well. Pervez reveals that Shirin has typhoid and pneumonia; he and Roshan didn’t tell Remy so as to not worry him. However, they have not been checking on Shirin every day, as she has become too rude and difficult to manage. Even when she stopped speaking, Pervez couldn’t convince Shirin to see a doctor. He only managed to get her hospitalized when she fainted a few days ago and he brought a doctor around for a house call. Remy is angry at his cousin’s negligence and nonchalance but also feels helpless knowing that he pawned his own filial duties.

As Remy heads back upstairs, he remembers Dina Mehta, the family lawyer. Dina is the one who suggested the arrangement of giving this apartment to someone who could care for Shirin after Cyrus’s death. Accordingly, Remy offered the place to Pervez, whose father, Faroukh, was Cyrus’s brother. Pervez had a far less affluent upbringing than Remy, and Remy felt sorry for him. He additionally offered to sign the apartment over to Pervez and Roshan following Shirin’s death, but he now wonders if this was a mistake.

Book 1, Chapter 4 Summary

Remy takes a cab to Parsee General Hospital, privately bemoaning the traffic and noise of Bombay all the way there. He forgets Shirin’s room number and walks past a few rooms until a nurse leads him back to one he has already passed. As he announces himself to her, Remy is struck by how he didn’t recognize his own mother, who has turned white haired and gaunt.

Book 1, Chapter 5 Summary

Remy talks for several minutes about his travels, to no response from Shirin. He steps out and attempts to find a doctor to speak to. Dr. Rumi Billimoria arrives shortly after and examines Shirin. He reveals that she was completely dehydrated when she arrived, with pneumonia in both lungs. She is on antibiotics but is still running a fever at night. Dr. Billimoria grows annoyed with Remy’s impatience to get Shirin discharged and admonishes Remy for trying to rush things, as Shirin needs care. He doesn’t know why her speech has disappeared, but he suggests that it is because she has given up the will to live since she has nothing to look forward to.

Remy tries to coax Shirin into eating some dinner, but she barely has two bites and a couple of sips of water. Remy asks her what she wants, and Shirin mumbles “Kho,” getting irritated when Remy can’t understand what this means. Manju, the night nurse, arrives in the evening, surprised to discover Remy there—she didn’t even know that Shirin had a son.

Book 1, Chapter 6 Summary

Remy remembers Cyrus’s final days. Knowing that Cyrus didn’t have much time left, Remy and Shirin had united in his care for the first time, their joint grief melting away Remy’s resentment. They stood by each other through Cyrus’s final days, the funeral afterward, and the 10 days of mourning that followed, with Remy even crying in his mother’s arms for the first time since his childhood. However, shortly after, they got into an argument when Remy began trying to settle Cyrus’s accounts. Shirin was bitter that all of Cyrus’s joint accounts were in Remy’s name rather than hers. When Remy insisted that the money would stay in India and be used toward her expenses, she was further upset that Remy wasn’t planning on taking her along with him to America.

A few days later, Remy met Dina, the executor of Cyrus’s will. He took an immediate liking to her soft, warm presence, which stood in sharp contrast to Shirin’s. Remy discovered that Dina and Cyrus were childhood friends who even dated when they were in college, but they broke things off when Dina went to London for her higher education; when she returned, Cyrus had already found Shirin. Remy wished out loud that Cyrus had married someone like Dina, but Dina defended Shirin, insisting that she had had a hard life. As they settled Cyrus’s final affairs, Dina suggested the arrangement with the apartment. After Remy left the meeting, he serendipitously bumped into Pervez and heard about his tough life working a low-paying bank job. Remy visited Pervez at his small, cramped apartment a week later “with an offer he was certain Pervez would not be able to refuse” (52).

Book 1, Chapter 7 Summary

Remy looks through all the unopened mail back at the apartment. He searches for a letter opener in Cyrus’s drawer and finds a letter addressed to him, penned by Cyrus a few days before he fell into a coma. Cyrus apologizes to Remy, claiming that he tried, and he urges Remy to be better than him. A confused Remy decides to ask Shirin about the letter tomorrow.

Book 1, Chapter 8 Summary

Remy returns to the hospital the next morning, and Dr. Billimoria notes that Shirin’s condition has seen no change since the previous day. Remy asks Shirin about the letter, but she turns away from it without saying anything. Remy urges her to eat, and when she repeats herself like the previous day, he realizes that she is asking for a Coke. Amazed, Remy rushes to get her one, also picking up a slice of jelly roll just like the ones Shirin used to buy for him in his childhood.

Shirin drinks a couple of sips of Coke but gets agitated when she sees the jelly roll and refuses to eat it; Remy feels personally rejected. Manju returns, and as she chats with Remy, she reveals that she has a brother who has migrated illegally to New York. She gives Remy a bundle of cash to get to him; Remy asks Manju to keep her money and give him her brother’s phone number instead, promising to get some money across to him.

As Remy leaves, he muses about how the lives of immigrants in the US are not very different than the working poor in India, both of whom work hard only to build comfort and luxuries enjoyed by a few in the upper classes of society. Back at the apartment, Remy rereads and pockets Cyrus’s note, telling himself that Cyrus was apologizing for not being able to hold onto consciousness before Remy arrived so that he could see his son one last time.

Book 1, Chapter 9 Summary

Remy and Jango catch up over a drink as Shenaz arrives with Remy’s favorite chocolate cake from a local patisserie. Remy is overwhelmed by the affectionate gesture and how comforting it is to be with these friends again. As they eat dinner, Shenaz tells Remy that she gave Monaz Shirin’s address, as Monaz wanted to send a card when she learned that Shirin was unwell. Later, Remy walks home while thinking about Shirin and marveling at the concern he feels for her for the first time in his life. He wonders if this is love or a combination of pity and guilt.

Book 1, Chapter 10 Summary

As Remy is preparing to leave for the hospital the next morning, Monaz arrives unexpectedly. Gaurav is insisting that he meet Remy before he tells his parents about the baby, and Monaz begs Remy to spare a few minutes of his time.

Remy meets Gaurav at a nearby cafe, and as Gaurav dismisses Monaz, Remy is angered by the boy’s arrogance. Gaurav reveals that Monaz didn’t tell him about the adoption option; he doesn’t want to be involved with her and the baby if there is a way out, as he doesn’t love her or actually want to marry her. Furthermore, his parents, who are Sindhis, would not approve; they want a Sindhi match for him. As Gaurav describes his family’s affluence and joint living setup, Remy realizes that Monaz and her child’s lives would be hell if she married into this rigid, patriarchal setup.

Remy tells Gaurav that he would need to give up all parental rights in a legally binding contract and that the adoption would ultimately have to be Monaz’s decision. He also admonishes Gaurav and insists that he talk to Monaz himself first, as her condition is his responsibility. After Gaurav leaves, Remy reflects on the turn of events and urges himself not to hope too much just yet.

Book 1, Chapters 1-10 Analysis

The Museum of Failures is a novel in which past events in the characters’ lives work in tandem with present events to develop the plot. The novel is split into two books, and Book 1 presents Remy’s conflicting feelings, which fuel the conflict in the novel: Despite his past strained relationship with Shirin as demonstrated in his memories of her, Remy feels concern and responsibility toward her in her present state. While Book 1 presents and builds up this dissonance, Book 2 explores and reconciles it through multiple revelations and epiphanies. Thus, the characters’ recollections of the past and their actions in the present contribute to the narrative tension by working in tandem.

The novel is narrated in the third person, but it largely features its protagonist Remy’s perspective, with the focus of the story being the relationship between Remy and his mother. The limited third-person perspective reflects Remy’s lack of knowledge about his mother, and he learns to see beyond his own perspective throughout the text. Remy is an Indian man who lives in the US and is married to an American woman. Remy is not just Indian; he belongs to the Parsi community from Bombay. This, along with him being an immigrant in the US, are both important aspects of his character and influence a number of Remy’s perceptions, experiences, and decisions. The numerous secondary characters flesh out Remy’s life and shed light on his character and personality. Accordingly, they either have very little page time or they are introduced off page, like Cyrus through Remy’s memories or Kathy through Remy’s phone calls with her. Shirin is the exception, as the dynamic between her and Remy forms the crux of the novel’s plot and directly feeds into the central themes of the book.

One of the first and most apparent themes that emerges is The Complicated Nature of Family Relationships. Remy and Shirin’s strained relationship is announced at the very beginning of the novel, as Remy reflects on how and why he has not visited Bombay since his father’s death three years prior. Remy’s memories of Cyrus and Shirin show the close bond between him and Cyrus, which Umrigar juxtaposes with Remy and Shirin’s relationship. It is implied that Remy’s closeness to Cyrus and the tension between Cyrus and Shirin are what caused the distance between mother and son. However, the reason for Shirin’s animosity toward Remy is unclear at the beginning, especially in instances when Remy offers her love and she pushes him away. As an adult, Remy’s feelings toward his mother are equally complicated: Despite all the antagonism he has experienced with her growing up, Remy feels a surprising degree of tenderness and concern for Shirin when he sees her in a vulnerable state. Umrigar hence begins the novel at a juncture in the parent-child relationship, when the dynamics of care invert and the child begins to care for the parent; this catalyzes the central conflict of the text. Remy’s confusion about his mother’s past behavior, juxtaposed against his presently unexpected positive feelings toward her, begins to suggest that complicated family relationships could be resolved if one figures out what lies beneath the surface.

The genesis of the novel’s title becomes apparent very early in the book, and it in turn suggests a second central theme. Remy reflects on how India always disappointed him and how glad he was to escape Bombay, which he terms a “museum of failures” (17), when he moved to the US to obtain his degree. Remy’s decision to stay away from India was thus fueled not only by his relationship with his mother but also his distaste for his country of origin. This is further confirmed by Remy’s initial eagerness to return to the US as soon as possible when it first looks like the adoption will not work out. Even the suggestion to adopt from India in the first place came from Kathy; Remy doesn’t seem to have any strong ties or positive feelings about his country of origin. Over the course of the novel, these feelings change for a number of reasons. Remy first recognizes the similarities between the US and India when it strikes him that the lives of the working poor in India are not too different from that of many immigrants in the former. This thread runs throughout the novel as Umrigar explores The Disparate Strands of the Immigrant Experience.

A third central theme that is introduced in these chapters but developed more over the course of the novel is The Harmful Effects of Secrecy and Shame. Remy has arrived in India because he is looking to adopt Monaz’s child; Monaz, in turn, is giving her child up for adoption since she is pregnant out of wedlock and her parents will never accept her situation. Monaz’s secrecy about her condition stems from the shame surrounding unwed mothers in India. This indicates that secrecy and shame are not only interconnected but also tied into the social and cultural attitudes of the country.

A number of symbols and motifs are introduced in these chapters. Besides being the title of the novel, the “museum of failures” is also a motif. At this point in the novel, Remy imagines his home city to be a museum of failures that he was lucky enough to escape. However, the word “museum” suggests that the failures are being conserved and displayed, suggesting that Remy will have to accept and confront failure while there. Food is another motif, and it is used as a mode of connection and relation in the book. Remy tries to coax Shirin into speech and recovery by bringing her foods she likes. He, in turn, feels overwhelmed when Shenaz brings him his favorite chocolate cake, as he recognizes this as a gesture of love and feels comforted and seen.

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