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42 pages 1 hour read

Betsy Byars

The Midnight Fox

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 1968

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Symbols & Motifs

Control

The motif of control manifests in different ways throughout the story. At the beginning, Tom, who enjoys routine and familiarity, does not want to go to the farm and is nervous about trying new things that are out of his control. He likes the familiar structure of building models and spending time with Petie. Similarly, Tom states that his father is “always talking about control” (20) and tells Tom that he should have more emotional control. In the more peaceful moments that Tom learns to cherish on the farm, he appreciates the fluidity and unpredictability of nature, thereby relinquishing control. In the early days of his acquaintance with the fox, Tom needs patience to see her because he has no control over when or where she will appear, and this unpredictability adds to his fascination with the fox. Control is also used in a more practical sense. Fred and Millie need to control predatory wildlife on their farm to protect their livestock, a necessity that Tom finds jarring but comes to understand. As Tom reluctantly accompanies Fred on the fox hunt, he manages to take his father’s earlier advice and control his emotions so forcefully that he never allows himself to express his objections to the idea of killing the fox. Finally, he learns to control his own fears when he builds up the courage to climb down the tree, brave the storm, and free the fox cub from its confinement in the hutch.

Prejudice

Prejudice is a motif that appears in several forms. Initially, Tom harbors a strong prejudice against the farm, despite having no memory of his visit there as a baby. He merely draws on one brief, unpleasant stay at summer camp and an incident in which he was nipped by a dog to support his argument that animals “hate” him and that the farm will be equally unpleasant. He also creates imaginary scenarios, such as vicious chickens and stampeding lambs that deepen his prejudice. Tom is a city boy who is determined to hate the farm before his visit, but he returns with a deeper appreciation of rural life and a newfound openness.

From another angle, hurtful prejudice is shown in Mikey’s cruel comments about Hazeline’s weight. Hazeline is already painfully aware of societal prejudices against plus-sized women. There are no plus-sized models in the bridal magazines she receives, and her brothers have always teased her about the amount of food she eats. When Mikey refuses to marry her unless she loses 20 pounds, he is reinforcing these prejudices, and the cultural acceptability of body shaming in the 1960s is further highlighted by Fred and Millie’s mild response to Mikey’s callous demand.

Storytelling

Storytelling, either in the form of Tom’s daydreaming or Tom and Petie’s journalism, is a motif that flows throughout the book. For example, Petie’s newspaper stories provide insight into Tom and Petie’s relationship and their sense of humor. Petie knows that Tom is not looking forward to the farm, so he mentions the TV show about a city kid who gets lost on a farm but is rescued by a dog (Lassie). When Tom moans that there will be no “Lassie”, only pigs, Petie comes up with a headline and story: “BOY RESCUED FROM FOREST DEATH BY PIGGIE” (12), making them both laugh. Tom has a vivid imagination and is constantly inventing stories that either fuel or dilute his anxieties, and his frequent daydreams highlight his chief concerns of the moment. For example, his story about the old man’s flying machine and his invention of a new color are both musings that are triggered by his observations of nature. They capture his intellect, humor, and impressive imagination, and they show that Tom is connecting with his surroundings and embracing this new experience.

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