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42 pages 1 hour read

Kristin Harmel

The Forest of Vanishing Stars

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2021

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Themes

Identity, Destiny, and Choice

Yona’s struggle to understand who she truly is remains a dominant theme in The Forest of Vanishing Stars. These questions are present from the story’s beginning as Jerusza kidnapping Yona unroots her, causing her to wonder about her identity, family ties, and faith. In response to her questions, Jerusza answers her “You are what you were born to be” (28), emphasizing the role of destiny in one’s identity. While Jerusza believes in a divine sort of destiny, Yona’s destiny manifests when she trusts her instincts and makes choices based on what she thinks is right. As such, identity is the sum of one’s choices rather than something preordained.

As Yona grows to adulthood, her questions persist and are only partially answered by Jerusza’s deathbed admission that she stole Yona from her German parents to save her for a greater destiny. When she meets Aleksander, he asks who she is, and she answers, “I wish I knew” (71), indicating a struggle to understand herself in her isolation. Nonetheless, her identity has been shaped by the survival skills that Jerusza, her surrogate mother figure, taught her, and she perpetuates this identity in the choices she makes. She could survive more easily on her own, but she chooses to help Aleksander’s group, seeing a greater purpose in helping others. When Aleksander struggles to reconcile her skills with her femininity, she does not shrink herself or pretend to know less than she does. She honors her identity by continuing to help others and lead, even though it means losing her lover. At the same time, her self-assuredness attracts Zus, who ends up being her life partner. With this, the book asserts that the choice to stay true to one’s self will ultimately attract the right community.

Throughout her stay with the group, Yona struggles to understand her connection to Judaism. She knows Jewish rituals and prepares a menorah for Hanukkah, but she still feels like an outsider in the group. Religion is as much a cultural identity as a faith, and raised in isolation, Yona doesn’t share the same experiences as this community. Nonetheless, she aligns herself with these Jewish refugees when confronted by her father, who uses her German name instead of her given Hebrew name and insists that she dress and act like a German woman in his house. While family can be an important source of identity for some, Yona rejects everything her father stands for, choosing to be Yona from the forest and not Inge from Berlin, whose real family is the survivors’ group. Not only is personal identity a product of one’s choices, but one can also choose the family and community that aligns with their principles.

While emphasizing Yona’s choices in shaping her identity, the novel hints that something greater is at play with the reveal that Yona’s mother was part Jewish. Combined with Jerusza’s premonitions about Yona’s destiny and Yona’s own spiritual attunement, this indicates that Yona’s destiny is to save these refugees and become part of their community. She realizes her destiny by killing her father, ending his campaign of antisemitic violence. The story’s final chapter reveals that Yona has made peace with herself, building a life in her beloved forest with Zus—“a proud Jewish hero who had discovered herself in the darkness” (356). In that way, she embodies Jerusza’s belief that she is exactly who she was born to be.

Nature’s Sanctuary Versus Society’s Cruelty

From the moment that Jerusza takes Yona from a well-appointed apartment in Berlin and carries her deep into the forests of Poland, the contrast between the nurturing, natural world and the harsh realities of a “civilized” human society is clearly established. Jerusza has long lived in the forest, knows its ways and hears its voices, and passes that knowledge to Yona—knowledge Yona uses to help the Jewish refugees survive. While the forest is often considered a wild and dangerous place, it consistently proves to be a safe place throughout the novel. By contrast, although it contains desirable things like books, clothing, and other supplies, the world beyond the forest holds many dangers. This is a world at war, driven by men determined to exterminate the Jewish people. The juxtaposition between the forest’s peace and civilization’s brutality is captured in Yona’s meeting with Marcin. Her first encounter outside the forest entails a loss of innocence, as she learns about Hitler’s rise to power and antisemitic violence in Germany.

While Yona remains in the forest, those dangers are remote. She hears gunfire and explosions and learns about the events of the war from the survivors she helps, but she remains shielded from the severity of that violence, a fact that separates her from the group. When she crosses the boundary between the forest and the village, she experiences these events firsthand, seeing the priest and nuns killed and hearing her Nazi father’s hateful words. Yona also sees how the social order provides justification for horrible actions, as her father repeatedly defends his violence by saying he is following orders. Confronted with this cruelty, Yona decides to flee back to the forest, remarking that it’s “the only home she’d ever truly known” (268). While society takes lives, the forest is a sanctuary in which Yona can help others survive.

In contrast to the killing and destruction outside, the swamp also hosts new life when Elizaveta’s baby is born. The forest as life-giving repeats in the story’s last chapter, as Yona and Zus end up having two children, and Yona, like Jerusza before her, lives to be over 100 years old. While the world at war cut so many lives short, the forest provided a safe haven in which Yona and her community could survive and grow old.

Faith and the Nature of the Divine

Yona and other characters in The Forest of Vanishing Stars struggle with questions of faith and the nature of God. Although Yona is careful not to claim a Jewish identity, she knows prayers and rituals from her time with Jerusza and celebrates them with the survivors, who cling to them for comfort and connection to their past lives. She sits shiva, a Jewish mourning ritual, when Jerusza dies and carves a menorah for celebrating Hanukkah in the forest. When the group hears German gunfire and the laughter of soldiers, they whisper Psalm 23, and Yona joins them. The scenes featuring Jewish rituals in the forest emphasize the communal role of religion, not just a spiritual faith but a way of connecting to one’s community for comfort and strength.

God also takes other forms in the text. For Jerusza, God is the voice of the forest. She knows that “nature always spilled her secrets, which were, of course, the secrets of God” (3). Jerusza’s faith in God is bolstered by the magical qualities in her and her forest life; she believes God led her to Berlin to take Yona, and this seems reinforced by Yona being awake and awaiting her. The two have a spiritual connection to each other and the world, able to sense danger and understand deep truths. They both find the voice of God in the flow of life in the forest and the stars above. While fundamentally different than Judaism or Christianity, this type of faith shares organized religion’s ability to connect people and make them feel like they have a greater purpose.

The nuns of the village represent another type of faith. Yona assumes that in the Catholic faith, Jews don’t go to heaven, but Sister Maria Andrzeja tells her that they will if they live good lives—God is there for everyone. She states, “Deep within us lies the reality of God,” she says. “Find that reality, hold fast to it” (211), emphasizing the ability of faith to help people endure the worst crises. In choosing to die so that others in the village may live, the nuns believe that they have found that reality.

These three paths—Jewish, Catholic, and what might be called “pagan”—represent different expressions of divinity, each of which offers a unique way of understanding and responding to the world. For the characters in the novel, all paths lead to the same source, where love and hope transcend hatred and fear.

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