62 pages • 2 hours read
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“12:30.” Two soldiers sit at the campfire with Jonathan, reassuring him that war is deadly and harsh, and he shouldn’t blame himself for his capture. One of them, a Frenchman wounded at the Rocktown battle, speaks in French to the little boy, who tells his story amid sobs. The Frenchman says there was an argument between the French couple and the Corporal, and things got worse from there. Jonathan learns that, during the Rocktown battle, one American was killed; it was the man who fell against Jonathan, the man who knew his father. The Frenchman says the Corporal is very dedicated to the war effort and is brave in battle, “But when the fighting stops, well, no, perhaps that is something that is different. Then, perhaps, you hope that he… that he is not there” (128). The Frenchman will take care of the little boy and will try to find the lad’s older brother.
“4:30.” The Corporal awakens Jonathan and offers him more johnnycake. The Corporal tells him he’s done very well, but he’s needed once more at the farmhouse. Jonathan doesn’t want to go, but the Corporal gently reminds him that he’s a soldier now and must do as ordered.
“5:00.” The men set off for the road. They carry muskets, and one holds a torch. The Corporal wants to catch the sleeping Hessians at dawn. The men expect they’ll capture the enemy soldiers, but the Corporal seems to have other plans.
“5:30.” The group arrives at a spot on the road across the forest from the farm. The Corporal tells Jonathan to describe the farmhouse. He replies that it’s small, with only one door. The Corporal says, “Ducks in a pond” (134).
“5:35.” The group walks a few hundred yards through the forest to the farm. As dawn edges up in the east, they can just make out the farmhouse. The Corporal tells Jonathan to go to the door, peer inside to see if the Hessians are still asleep, then quickly get out of the way.
“5:38.” Jonathan hesitates. The Corporal orders him forward. Jonathan climbs the fence and stands on the other side. The Corporal grabs his shoulder and reminds him to do exactly as told, and he’ll be safe. Jonathan protests that the Hessians never hurt him. The Corporal reminds him that he wanted to be a soldier and fight the enemy. Jonathan begs, “Please.” The Corporal cocks his weapon and says, “now” (138). Jonathan walks toward the farmhouse.
“5:45.” Halfway across the field, Jonathan stops and looks back. The Corporal signals to him to continue. Jonathan reaches the porch and opens the door. Inside, it’s dark. He walks in.
“5:50.” The fire has died to embers. He hears the men breathing in their sleep. His head throbbing painfully, Jonathan goes to the young soldier and wakes him. He signals that American soldiers are outside. The Hessian, alarmed, goes to the door, opens it, looks out, then slams the door shut and cries out a warning to his fellows. Shots fired by the Americans slam into the house. The Colonel calls out, telling the Hessians to surrender. Jonathan, crouching to one side, knows they can’t understand English. The Germans load their weapons. Jonathan shouts at them to give up—they can’t win. The old soldier grabs him and, arm around the boy’s neck, lifts him up like a shield. Jonathan struggles and repeats his cry that they should surrender. The soldier tightens his grip, and Jonathan can’t breathe. The men step outside. Jonathan, writhing frantically, breaks the old soldier’s grip and runs back inside. A volley of shots ring out, then silence.
“6:10.” Jonathan peers out. The three Hessians lie dead on the ground, surrounded by the Americans. After a moment, all but the Corporal turn and, without a word, walk away.
“6:13.” The Corporal bends down and closes the Hessians’ eyes. He picks up their guns, then says to Jonathan that he must have tried to save them. When Jonathan says yes, the Corporal tells him the Hessians recently bayonetted the wounded. The war, he says, is sometimes a matter of luck. He tells Jonathan to retrieve his rifle from the house. The boy finds it amid the rubble, then swings it against the hearth, again and again, until it’s broken wreckage. He slumps down in sobs. The Corporal puts a hand on his shoulder and tells him it’s time to leave.
“6:40.” They catch up with the other Americans and walk back to camp. Jonathan trails them, alone with his thoughts. They pack up at the campfire and begin the trek home. The Corporal tries to walk with Jonathan, but he tells him to leave him alone.
“9:30.” As they near the tavern, men split off until only four are left. The Corporal has disappeared too. The tavern keeper congratulates the four men, then tells Jonathan his father is worried sick about him. He also asks for his gun back, but Jonathan says, “It’s gone,” and walks away.
“10:30.” Reaching his home, Jonathan hears the sound of a hoe in the earth. He follows the sound to where his father is digging. His father turns, sees him, and asks if he’s wounded. Jonathan shakes his head; his father lets out a sigh of relief. Jonathan understands that his father’s fear had not been for himself but for his son. Jonathan realizes he’s lucky, and he feels grateful to be alive.
The final quarter of the book, Part 2, describes the shootout between the American volunteers and the three Hessian soldiers who took Jonathan hostage. In this section, Jonathan comes to terms with his changing perspective on warfare.
Throughout the story, the Corporal appears as a somewhat ominous character. Part 2 reveals him to have the heart of a fanatic, a person who doesn’t much care who he kills or sacrifices, as long as he meets his wartime goals. Jonathan, on the other hand, sees that his captors aren’t the beasts portrayed in Revolutionary propaganda but simply men on one side of a battle who are trying to get back to base. They treat him fairly, given that he’s a prisoner. Avi humanizes the enemy and makes them relatable and even compassionate to young Jonathan.
Thus, when the Corporal explains the wickedness of the Hessians, Jonathan can’t reconcile that viewpoint with his own experience. The Corporal then demands that Jonathan signal when his captors are ready for slaughter, and Jonathan balks. His empathy for the enemy stands in stark contrast the Corporal and, as a symbol, the very motivations of war. Although he tries to warn the Germans, the language barrier once again stands as a literal and symbolic barrier to their communication.
Jonathan’s usefulness to his captors is as a hostage, and it’s no surprise that the Hessians finally force Jonathan to serve them as a human shield. At this point, brutality meets brutality: One side tries to execute the invaders, and the other side threatens Jonathan’s life. Both groups have proven that they’ll use Jonathan, against his will, to achieve their ends. Jonathan’s confusion about which side he’s on reaches an explosive conclusion: He’s on neither side. Neither group can offer the other any compassion or kindness, the emotions that drive Jonathan and therefore ostracize him from both sides and the war effort.
The Corporal closes the dead Hessians’ eyes, a gesture of respect. Perhaps it’s to appease Jonathan, or maybe it’s the act of a man who tries, in his own way, to atone for his wartime cruelty. This is left for the reader to decide.
The book became controversial when some school districts wanted to ban it for rough language. The Corporal says “Damn all” several times, an oath considered mild by more modern standards. Beyond that, off-color language is hard to find among the book’s pages. It’s possible that the story’s anti-war theme, when attached to a subject as sacred to Americans as their Revolutionary War, might have ruffled a few feathers and been the true incentive for the ban.
The book’s message is, essentially, an anti-war one, but it’s not against the Revolution itself. The Corporal explains on several occasions why harsh measures are sometimes necessary during warfare, and his volunteers accept his arguments. The Corporal isn’t evil, only excessively dedicated to the harsh necessities of his work. The author, meanwhile, isn’t against the Revolution, but he protests the exorbitance of brutality present during any armed conflict, harsh behavior that is not necessary to the success of a war effort.
In war, soldiers sometimes brutalize the enemy, including its citizens, which begets a desire for revenge by the mistreated. It’s a practice that the wisest and most accomplished military leaders try to limit. However, the Corporal, as the only expert military leader in the district, makes extensive use of vengeance and justifies it as a necessary evil. Jonathan, with his growing objection to the petty violence of war, becomes the author’s protest against this all-too-human tendency toward excessive violence in a conflict.
The Fighting Ground is located not on a road in a forest or a house in a clearing, but in Jonathan’s heart. The battle is between his desire to serve his country and his unwillingness to be cruel. In the end, his peaceful side wins this battle. When he smashes his flintlock against the farmhouse fireplace and returns to his family farm, it brings to mind the ancient religious teaching: “They shall beat their swords into plowshares.” This phrase is employed in circumstances where communities encourage their people to lay down their weapons of war and take up more practical tools to benefit humankind. By destroying the gun and returning to his farm, where his father wields a crop-yielding hoe, Jonathan lays down the weapons of war in favor of more practical, beneficial tools. In Jonathan, there is one less agent of unnecessary cruelty in the Revolution.
By Avi