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Rivers SolomonA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Chapter 8 returns to the experience of the Remembrance and the collective “we.” This time, the History centers on Basha, the historian who preceded Yetu. During this time, the wajinru who are experiencing the Remembrance become critical of Zoti’s decision to protect them from the pain of their history: “Such imbalance cannot last” (127).
The chapter recounts an internal struggle among the wajinru who are confronting aggression from two-legs. A series of events suggests that the tense relationship between the two-legs and the wajinru has been growing over decades, possibly centuries, culminating in an event known as the Tidal Wars.
Basha’s memory expresses dissatisfaction with Zoti’s decision to protect the wajinru from pain and keep them ignorant of the two legs’ violence. Unlike others before him who were saddened by the burden of the rememberings, the History inspires anger in Basha. His disposition is toward action and vengeance against the two-legs who tortured and killed so many in their conquest of the Earth, including the wajinru. Rather than keep the wajinru in hiding and a state of ignorance, Basha wants to use their powers to seek justice. He is sure of his convictions: “We are not wajinru if being wajinru means distancing ourselves from pain. We embrace pain, seek it out” (131).
His anger is further ignited when Ephras, a wajinru with whom Basha is deeply in love, is badly injured by the two-legs. Basha comes into conflict with Omju, a self-appointed leader and keeper of tradition among the wajinru. Omju has organized a governing council that abides by his wisdom, yet they seek wisdom from Basha because of his role as historian. He tries to convince the council that they must act, but they refuse. However, Basha is influential and reveals a series of rememberings to the wajinru that illustrate the danger that the two-legs pose. He kills Omju and leads the wajinru into battle for their survival. They are united as one, and their power is overwhelming: “We send endless waves of salt water onto the land, flooding the whole earth” (140).
Chapter 9 begins with vivid imagery of a storm that is brewing. Yetu fears for Oori’s safety. As she travels back toward the deep, she meditates on the crisis that led her to flee in the first place: Whether she and the History can both survive, and whether their interests are mutually exclusive. She wonders, “Maybe the sacrifice of a single person [is] the only path forward” (141).
As she travels through the water, she enters a more meditative state, at one with the current and fluidity that surround her. Yetu begins to change her mind. She begins to imagine holding two contradictory truths, a practice that allowed her to contain so many rememberings to begin with. She begins to feel more alive and self-assured as she approaches the deep, where she finds her people malnourished and in pain. With some distance from the History and the wajinru, whom she had treated as her oppressors, she sees them differently: “Who each of them was mattered as much as who all of them were together” (145). She is determined to save them by taking back the Remembrance.
The wajinru finally understand the pain that Yetu has endured, and she recognizes that they now share the burden of history and truly understand each other. Even Amaba has changed the way she approaches Yetu. The wajinru declare that they should share the History rather than return it to Yetu. Yetu realizes that the History is something that must be not just experienced but interpreted; it can change meaning or shape depending on who is looking back and telling the story. She realizes that “what had always seemed certain to Yetu wasn’t immutable. The living put their mark on the dead” (150). For example, through remembering with her mother, she sees that their history is full of interpretations and misinterpretations. This helps Yetu remember and rediscover where Oori might be—Oori has similar tattoos to Waj, who used the word “Tosha” to describe her homeland, the same word for the concept of “belonging.” She leaves to find her.
Yetu finds Oori mourning the loss of her people and homeland. Longing to be together, Yetu and Oori physically embrace. and Yetu transfers the Remembrance to Oori. Through this process, Oori recalls how she breathed in the womb and transforms. She is now able to breathe underwater, returning to her former state.
Like the chapters that precede these, Chapters 8 and 9 work together to gesture toward the symbolic relationship between past and present conflicts. The storm and violence enacted by the wajinru under the guidance of the historian Basha is drawn into symbolic connection with the storm that is brewing in Yetu’s absence, as the wajinru suffer and struggle to make sense of the History. Solomon allows Yetu to rewrite the past to reclaim a more just future that brings balance to wajinru society and their relationship with the two-legs. In Yetu’s version, Solomon emphasizes the significance of feminine forms of growth, transformation, and regeneration that stand in sharp contrast to Basha’s masculinized and destructive drive.
From within Basha’s memory and perspective, the History takes on a different quality. Whereas for Zoti and Aj, the History was a painful reminder of their suffering—a history of the wajinru’s tragic origin as the orphaned children of enslaved women left for dead—it inspires only anger in Basha. Solomon writes: “Where the History saddened others, we felt only a glorious, burning anger. We liked the challenge of it. It suited us. Anger was our favorite emotion. We were at home in it. It gave us purpose” (130). Basha’s passion is most naturally channeled toward anger, which, while not necessarily a destructive nor inappropriate response to the History, becomes a blinding rage. In response to the unjust deaths of children, the obliteration of so many wajinru, and the burning of his lover, Basha cannot bear The Burden of History. Instead, he uses the power of the History to channel the wajinru toward vengeance.
The novella renders this a righteous rage, though it is in defiance of Omju’s more conservative guidance. This vengeance is understandable, similar to Yetu’s potentially destructive decision to flee. Solomon builds empathy by sharing Basha’s tender side: his feelings of love for Ephras. Within his consciousness, Solomon writes: “When we arrive at Ephras’s den, we embrace him, our bodies curling together. No one else can pull tenderness from us like this, make us weak with longing. It is a weakness we cherish” (132). Basha’s anger, a driving force of passion in his life, is undergirded by a tenderness and love that he recognizes as weakness. Within a normative gender paradigm that only distantly applies to the mythical world of the wajinru, Basha has a masculine fear of vulnerability that causes him to interpret his emotions as a sign of weakness. Rather than a weakness, though, his love gives his pursuit of justice a tender quality. His love for Ephras is in no small part the inspiration for his leading the charge against the two-legs. The desire to seek retribution from the two-legs that “cut [their] population in half” (139) similarly builds on Basha’s desire to care for and nurture his people.
There’s a small note of doubt introduced about the purity of this mission— whether it is the “right” choice for the wajinru—when they recognize themselves in the two-legs:
This is the first time the other wajinru are seeing the two-legs outside of the Remembrance. They are shocked by their faces, similar in many ways to our own. They know what we have known since taking on the History. The two-legs are our kin. […] This does not make us more gentle. It has the opposite effect. (140)
This moment foreshadows or anticipates the novella’s eventual resolution between Yetu and Oori. Basha’s harnessing of energy and interpretation of History rendered it as a battle cry. In stark contrast, Yetu discovers, through her own experiences of love, intimacy, and empathetic understanding, that the History may mean many things and teach many lessons, all of which can be true at once.
The realization that the assembly and rendering of History is itself an interpretive act empowers Yetu and the wajinru to act as more conscious shapers of their reality. In contrast with Basha, Yetu is initially depressed and overwhelmed by the tragedies she witnesses in the rememberings. The same event that sends Basha into a rage—the slaughter of three young wajinru—leads Yetu to consider suicide. Basha turns his anger outward toward what he perceives to be the source of the wajinru’s suffering, and Yetu turns her anger inward to consider self-annihilation as the only option. Through her love and loss of Oori and reconnection with her mother as a carrier and interpreter of History, Yetu realizes that the meaning of the rememberings is in their control. They neither have to inspire blind rage nor despair. The wajinru develop a new relationship with the History, one in which they can experience the pain of the memory yet stay alive in the present: “They each held pieces of the History now, divvied up between them. They shared it and discussed it. They grieved. Sometimes, they wanted to die. But then they would remember, it was done” (149). This new arrangement of Collective Memory and Cultural Identity allows the wajinru to both hold the pain and knowledge of the past and distinguish it from themselves. The two-legs are neither a force that they want to annihilate nor fear.
Finally, the reunification of the two-legs with the wajinru in Yetu and Oori’s embrace articulates a new ethos for the wajinru. By going back over the History—not just in her imagination but in her embodied experience of herself—Yetu is able to see a path forward. She brings Oori to the ocean “where life began. It was where the life of the wajinru began, and reaching backward, the life of two-legs, too” (154). Their joint descent into the deep is figured as a return to “the womb,” as Oori remembers how she once breathed inside her mother’s womb. It’s a movement backward and forward in time, simultaneously, that figuratively reunites the orphaned wajinru with their two-leg mother. Solomon uses the imagery of ocean tides and feminine forms of reproduction to finally settle the contradiction between the past and present, empowering femininized forms of creation and knowledge to carry the characters into a more hopeful future. The revolutionary energy of Basha is transformed into something more generative than destructive.