54 pages • 1 hour read
Edith Eva EgerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
A catatonic Army captain enters Edie’s clinical office, stiff but deeply anguished. Though she does not know at the time that the captain has a gun hidden under his shirt, Edie can sense the potential danger. Edie takes care to control her own anxiety, hoping for the best possible outcome: that the interaction will not turn violent. Rather than jumping directly into vulnerable topics, Edie orders the captain to walk through the park, and he dutifully obeys. Edie emphasizes the importance of choice: how we react to past experiences and trauma, and how we decide to move forward. Embracing the past is key to freedom. Edie clarifies the difference between victimization and victimhood: The former is external and outside the recipient’s control, while the latter is what we make ourselves when we cling to victimization. Edie argues that “there is no hierarchy of suffering” (8); rather, suffering is universal, and it affects each person in different circumstances. For example, a woman who lost a child and a woman whose family life feels lonely both cope with life’s not living up to their hopes. Eger recognizes life’s real difficulties, but she invites readers to choose freedom over past hurt.
The most profound moment in Edie’s past is the last moment she shared with her mother and sister: “If I could distill my entire life into one moment, into one still image, it is this: three women in dark wool coats wait, arms linked, in a barren yard” (11). In a recollection, Edie, her mother, and her sister approach Auschwitz for the first time. Edie recalls reading Gone with the Wind in the kitchen to her mother, Ilona, who betrays a yearning for American life. Ilona describes the day her own mother died, when Ilona discovered her in the sheets beside her. Edie tries to leverage this new knowledge of her mother over her sisters, but they already know; Klara, the middle sister, tells Edie that the portrait over the piano, which their mother often talks to, is of Ilona’s mother. Edie, being the youngest and most reserved, constantly seeks to prove herself to her sisters. She’s ashamed to lack her sisters’ musical gifts (Klara is a violin prodigy, and Magda is an accomplished pianist), but Edie recognizes their own struggles and pressures in hindsight.
One day, while Edie pauses to dance on her way to school, she realizes she lost an entire quarter’s worth of school tuition. Her father beats her that night. Edie reflects on her doubled minority status. The Elefánts are ethnic Hungarians in a majority Czech population and, furthermore, Jewish. In 1938, Edie’s family celebrates Hungary’s regained control over their hometown of Kassa, Hungary, but despite reinstatement into their ethnic culture, anti-Semitism persists.
Edie joins a book club, where she meets a boy named Eric. They have an emotionally intense (non-sexual) relationship, made more desperate by the impending war. The nyilas—Hungarian Nazis—send Edie’s father to a labor camp, and he returns seven to eight months later a changed man. Edie trains relentlessly to become a gymnast and makes the 1944 Hungarian Olympics team. One day, her coach pulls her aside and regretfully admits that, because she’s Jewish, she must give up her position. Klara, who plays violin in Budapest, doesn’t return home for Passover. Klara and Magda usually fill the house with music, but this year’s atmosphere is tense. Klara’s professor warns that the Nazi threat is rising, and despite advice that Ilona, who went to Budapest to pick up Klara, remain in Budapest and send for her family, Ilona returns home. In reality, both of Edie’s parents ignored opportunities to flee the country, and they all intuitively understand that their family can’t save themselves now.
Soldiers seize the Elefánts in the night. Edie’s family packs quickly, and wagons drive them to a brick factory in Kassa’s outskirts. Food is scarce, and prisoners sleep on the floor, many without a roof. Edie never finds her grandparents before learning the Nazis transferred them. Eric finds her, and they meet every day, but they are separated when they board the livestock freight trains. The train’s only accommodations include bread for eight people to share, a bucket of water, and a bucket for human waste. Her parents sit together like strangers, not touching.
Edie’s father, Lajos, is remarkably optimistic when the train reaches its destination: Auschwitz. Immediately, soldiers separate Edie from her father, then—when they approach the infamous Nazi physician Dr. Josef Mengele in the selection line—from her mother. Edie and Magda go right to enter camp, but Mengele sends unwitting Ilona to the left, toward the gas chambers. A few prisoners in striped blue dresses, called kapos, maintain order in the camp. One of these girls approaches Edie and rips the earrings from her ears. Edie, desperate to make a friend, asks, “Why would you do that? […] I would have given you the earrings” (36). The kapo resents Edie’s recent freedom while she withered in the concentration camp. Driving home the sting, the girl tactlessly informs her that Edie’s mother now burns in the camp’s crematorium.
Eger begins the Introduction with two tense opening lines:
I didn’t know about the loaded gun hidden under his shirt, but the instant Captain Jason Fuller walked into my El Paso office on a summer day in 1980, my gut tightened and the back of my neck stung. War had taught me to sense danger before I could explain why I was afraid (3).
She briefly establishes key setting details: the general place and time, the nature of the author’s professional practice, and her patient’s military status. Though it is an otherwise normal day, Captain Fuller’s entrance immediately clues readers to Eger’s traumatic history and its long-lasting repercussions. She isn’t directly cognizant of Captain Fuller’s gun, but she has developed a sixth sense for danger. Despite her obvious trauma response, nothing about her tone in the Introduction suggests evidence of victimhood. She continues responding to Captain Fuller’s threats calmly—acutely aware of her own body’s response and attuned to the captain’s rapidly approaching breaking point. Later, assuming the readers’ ignorance, she states matter-of-factly that she is a Holocaust survivor. The very first mention of the Holocaust is followed immediately by her life’s central philosophy: Regardless of someone’s past, a person always has a choice to take control of the present and pursue freedom. Her mindset, as she presents it in opening this story, is not to dwell on past horrors, but rather to rejoice at opportunities ahead. Eger advances beyond inner freedom and adopts the role of helper and encourager—a long way from the victim mindset she once possessed. No less, her initial patient story involves a soldier—the very source of her torment only 75 years prior.
In Chapter 1 and throughout the story, Eger makes references to key cultural terms and historical events, such as the nyilas and Operation Barbarossa. Nyilas (direct translation: “archers”) is short for Nyilaskeresztes Párt-Hungarista Mozgalom, the Arrow Cross Party. Nyila was the political party of the fascist Hungarian Nazis who allied with the Axis Powers. Their presence was prominent in the late 1930s and early 1940s, but Operation Barbarossa sullied much of their support. After bombs drop over Kassa and destroy part of Eger’s grandparents’ home, rumors direct the blame toward the Soviets, though few people believe it. The attacks helped justify Hungarian involvement in Operation Barbarossa, Germany’s attempted invasion of the Soviet Union in June 1941. The two countries had signed the German-Soviet non-aggression pact less than two years before, but Hitler cared little for the agreement’s integrity once opportunities arose to achieve his true goals. Operation Barbarossa was one of the largest invasion attempts in modern history. It marked a turning point in World War II, painting the Soviets as victims for the first time and pitting them against the Axis Powers. Hitler’s operation was initially successful, but ultimately the Germans forfeited because they were not adequately prepared for the harsh Russian winter. (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. “Invasion of the Soviet Union, June 1941,” Holocaust Encyclopedia, 11 June 2021, encyclopedia.ushmm.org/content/en/article/invasion-of-the-soviet-union-june-1941.)
Back in Hungary, the nyilas lost most of their civilian support by 1944 prior to mass Jewish deportations. However, they never lost German support. Even after the party’s official dissolution, the party secretly plotted a coup against Admiral Horthy (the leader who re-annexed Kassa from Czechoslovakia) with German military assistance and regained control of the Hungarian government. The nyilas were responsible for the 1944 mass deportation of Hungarian Jews, which included Eger’s family. For their brutality, they were also unpopular among the general Hungarian population. In 1945, the Red Army executed many nyila leaders when the Soviets liberated Hungary. (“Arrow Cross Party.” Jewish Virtual Library: A Project of AICE, www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/arrow-cross-party.)
At the end of Chapter 2, a kapo—an inmate serving as a camp supervisor—rudely awakens Eger from any delusions she may have about Auschwitz. The kapo rips the jewelry from Eger’s ears, pocketing the gold. Though the kapo is also a Jewish prisoner under the Nazis’ authority, she evaluates her difficult position and makes a choice: She chooses to perpetuate the cruelty that is unjustly directed toward her so that others can share her own trauma. If she must live under oppression, at least she won’t be the only one suffering. The kapo is a foil to Eger’s central message: Everyone, regardless of any damaging past decisions that they made, has choices that can positively impact their future and how they relate to other people. Even surrounded by barbed wire, Eger finds ways to choose life, freedom, and community.
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