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Thi BuiA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
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The book opens with an illustration of Thi’s pregnant belly, seen from a first-person perspective. We join her at New York’s Methodist Hospital on November 28, 2005. She is in great pain due to labor, and her mother, whom she refers to using the Vietnamese “Má,” has disappeared into the hallway. However, Thi’s husband Travis steps in to comfort her. Thi tells us, “Má flew all the way from California to help me have her first grandchild. But now that she’s here, she can’t bear to be in the same room” (3).
As Thi struggles with her own exhaustion and the medical experts who want to coldly administer her birth, she is afraid that if she cedes control over her body, she’ll want to do a full reset: to a time before she was tasked with the responsibility of helming a family of her own. When surgical tools are brought into her room, she states: “I feel my stomach go black, the way it did once when I was a child and Bố had carelessly told Má in front of me about a rape…” (6). She haltingly agrees to an epidural and Pitocin to induce labor. The persistently aloof doctor also informs her that an episiotomy, the cutting of the perineum to enlarge the vagina, will be performed if it is deemed necessary—despite Thi’s request that it does not occur.
Thi descends into numbness as many hands push and cajole the baby out of her body. Through this fog, her baby arrives: “A little voice and a faraway face with old man eyes” (11). Travis and her mother are sent away, and Thi is forced to stand and walk. She’s transferred to a room with a roommate, and given her baby. Her roommate’s baby contentedly breastfeeds while Thi struggles to feed her own baby. Even the breastfeeding class she takes the next day at the hospital does not provide her with real assistance.
When her mother and Travis come back, Thi takes comfort in the flavor of the Phở that they bring. Now cleaned up and rested, Thi feels that she can fully take her new son in. Thi’s mother, named Hắng, tells her that Thi’s own father did not participate in her birth: He went to the movies instead. Thi then intimates that her mother did not leave her father until 28 years of their marriage had passed. Thi asks Hắng how she endured labor six times. Hắng tells her that the memory of the pain fades. After her mother’s departure, a persistent thought fills Thi with terror: “Family is now something [she] has created—and not something [she] was just born into” (21). She feels a daunting sense of responsibility and “a wave of empathy for [her] mother” (22).
This chapter opens on Berkeley, California, in the year 2015. Thi tells us that the birth of her son has led to “more responsibilities, like a steady job and a mortgage” (23). She then takes us back to San Diego, 1999. At that time, she was a young woman moving to New York with her boyfriend and her dreams of becoming an artist. Thi’s mother did not put up the resistance to Thi living with a man prior to marriage that Thi thought she would. Thi’s mother had trouble accepting Thi’s older sister Lan’s decision to move in with her then-boyfriend a few years earlier. Thi’s other older sister Bích ran away from home when their mother opposed her relationship with her boyfriend in 1987. This prompted her mother to take an entire bottle of pills and retire to bed, while her father announced that Bích was dead to the family. The family then avoided talking about this incident—to the point where Thi’s mother forgot that Thi was even there. Thi surprises herself with her own anger about this oversight.
Thi then names everyone in her family by name: her two older sisters Lan and Bích, as well as two sisters enclosed in shadows, Quyên and Thảo, and her younger brother Tâm. She states, “I have figured out, more or less, how to raise my little family […] but it’s being both a parent and a child without acting like a child, that eludes me” (29). A panel shows Thi telling her young son and husband, “We’re such ASSHOLES! We’re the lame second generation,” while her son tells her that she has said a bad word (29). Thi states that her parents fled from Việt Nam on a boat in order to ensure freedom for their children, and reflects that she now finds herself older than her parents were when they completed their epic journey: “But [she fears] that around them, [she] will always be a child...and they a symbol to [her]—two sides of a chasm, full of meaning and resentment” (30).
Thi says that, in 2006, she and Travis left their full life in New York in order to raise their son in California close to family. However, she’s come to realize that “proximity and closeness are not the same” (31). Although each of her siblings and their spouses live within blocks, her mother lives in her backyard home, and her father at nearby senior apartments, her parents are “also still lonely, aging, and quietly wishing we’d take better care of them” (33). She observes that her parents are caught between Vietnamese social conventions, which would regard them as elderly in their seventies, and American norms, “where people their age run marathons or at least live independently” (33). This racks Thi with guilt. She recalls that her own staid interactions with her grandparents taught her nothing about how to have an intimate relationship with her parents.
Although Thi’s father always maintained that he no longer had parents, Thi learned that her paternal grandfather was alive in Việt Nam when she was in her twenties. Although she and her siblings traveled to Việt Nam to meet her paternal grandfather and their extended family, her father refused to join them. He persisted in his distance until his father eventually died. Soon after that, Thi took it upon herself to document her family’s history—“thinking that if [she] bridged the gap between the past and the present, [she] could fill the void between [her] parents and [herself]. And that if [she] could see Việt Nam as a real place, and not a symbol of something lost, [she] would see her parents as real people, and learn to love them better” (36). This page has illustrations of an adult Thi and an unidentified Vietnamese young person with the outline of Vietnam emblazoned on their back in black. The page’s background also shows softly-rendered images in red watercolor: the outline of Việt Nam and large ocean waves. The visual trope of an outline of Việt Nam rendered in soft red watercolor recurs throughout the narrative.
Thi recalls the way that she peppered her parents with unceasing questions about their home country and the war that ripped it apart. Her mother, perennially practical, would “rather [that they] laughed more or went shopping together,” but she still “humors [Thi] with stories” (37). Hắng does not often say “I love you” to Thi: she buys presents and cooks instead. Thi herself does not say the words very much either, and is troubled by the loneliness that characterizes her relationship with her mother. On a two-page spread that shows a wind-blown Thi looking out into a body of water, and a person on a boat struggling through turbulent waves on the page opposite, Thi narrates: “We live so close to each other and yet feel so far apart. I keep looking toward the past, tracing our journey in reverse, over the ocean, through the war, seeking an origin story that will set everything right” (39-41).
The narrative then switches to recalling Tâm’s birth. He was born in 1978, in a UN refugee camp in Malaysia. Hắng’s brother, Hải, cobbled together a hammock while her father leads a cadre of helpers out of the camp with a flashlight. Her mother gave birth at the midwife’s home. Thi’s older sister Thảo was stillborn in Sài Gòn in 1974, and Thi was born in the same city in 1975—the same year that her father’s grandfather died. Bích was born in Sài Gòn in January 1968, two weeks before the Tết Offensive. Thi writes, “My family huddled by the radio at Má’s while the fighting raged on outside” (49). During Lan’s 1966 birth in the Mekong Delta, Hắng was a teacher in a rural territory. It was difficult for her to get to the hospital, as communist barricades were numerous along the roads to the city. Thi’s mother was just 22 at the time, and had already lost her first child at 21.
Quyên was born in Sài Gòn in 1965, a “baby girl [who] lit up the skies with her smile” (52). Thi writes, “Some people in Việt Nam say you shouldn’t give a baby a beautiful name or jealous spirits will come and take the baby away. My parents defiantly gave their firstborn a name that sounded like and meant “GREAT RIVER”—Giang Quyên” (53). Quyên’s health faltered when she was one month old. The doctor instructed Thi’s parents to feed Quyên carrot juice because she could not digest the baby formula. However, her health never fully improved and she soon died. Thi remarks that it’s possible her mother never stopped asking herself why, or if she could have done something different for Quyên.
Thi wonders how her parents reconciled the loss of their firstborn, and if they ever felt disappointed by their surviving children: “And though my parents took us far away from the site of their grief,” she writes, “certain shadows stretched far, casting a gray stillness over our childhood, hinting at a darkness we did not understand, but could always feel” (58-60).
These introductory chapters function as a prologue, easing us into Thi’s family and its complicated dynamics in a present-day temporality. We are grounded in the family’s contemporary American reality as they live within a 5-mile radius of one another and enjoy a stable way of life. Beneath this stability lies Thi’s personal conflict. This peculiar feeling of both proximity and distance is tied to the family’s refugee experience: While the family members are indelibly bonded by their love for each other and the epic journey they undertook, they each also suffered their own private traumas that led to complications and distance within their relationships to each other.
Although Thi is the main character in the narrative, the true protagonists are Thi’s parents. In many parts of the narrative, Thi recedes to tell the stories of her parents. However, her stable place as the work’s narrator grounds us in the fact that this discovery of her parents’ lives, and of a fuller perspective on the history of Việt Nam, is Thi’s journey. Her journey to draw closer to her parents through understanding is reflected in the amount of loving time and detail used to bring their story to life.
The book both opens and closes with the birth of Thi’s son. This grounds the narrative in the notion of new life and communicates the cyclical nature of the life of a family. Thi initiates a true adulthood by giving birth to a child—which paradoxically brings her both closer to and further away from her mother. It unites them through a common experience, but it creates distance in that Thi cannot fully think of herself as her parents’ child when she has a child and her own family to helm. This paradox captures what a family is: As new generations of a family are born, they carry the family forward into the future, while remaining united with and influenced by the lives of the generations which preceded them. For the Buis, this cycle was fractured by the violence and upheaval of the War. In The Best We Could Do, Thi seeks to understand and make peace with this complex and painful history.