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50 pages 1 hour read

Annie Dillard

Teaching a Stone to Talk: Expeditions and Encounters

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 1982

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Essay 13Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Essay 13: “Sojourner”

Essay 13 Summary

Dillard expresses her amazement at the existence of mangroves, which “can and do exist as floating islands, as trees upright and loose, alive and homeless in the water” (155). Mangroves can be separated from shorelines by strong winds or currents and float along rivers and oceans, continuing to grow and develop. Having adapted to exude salt, mangroves can thrive in sea water and can also make their own soil. The mangrove islands can expand, growing new trees and attracting other sea life, such as oysters, shrimp, and starfish to live in the roots. Dillard compares the aimless drifting of these mangrove islands to human existence on Earth: “I alternate between thinking of the planet as home—dear and familiar stone hearth and garden—and as a hard land of exile in which we are all sojourners” (156).

Dillard believes that humans feel at home on Earth but also feel disconnected from the earth and from its other creatures: “We don’t know where we belong, but in times of sorrow it doesn’t seem to be here, here with these silly pansies and witless mountains, here with sponges and hard-eyed birds” (157). Dillard also compares the planet to the mangrove islands, calling it “a sojourner in airless space, a wet ball flung across nowhere” (157). She notes that some scientists believe the solar system is shifting, adding to her feeling that we are aimlessly drifting through space. However, though the thought of being directionless might lead to “thoughts of despair” (158), Dillard finds beauty in the idea that, like mangrove islands, humanity grows and builds and collects new life and ideas on its journey: “We the people started small and have since accumulated a great and solacing muck of soil, of human culture. We are rooted in it; we are bearing it with us across nowhere” (158). 

Essay 13 Analysis

Dillard titles the essay “Sojourner,” explaining on page 156 that she draws the word from the Old Testament: “It invokes a nomadic people’s sense of vagrancy, a praying people’s knowledge of estrangement, a thinking people’s intuition of sharp loss” (156-57). Like God’s chosen people in the Old Testament, who journeyed strange lands in search of God’s truth, Dillard suggests that mankind continues to search for answers and meaning. Some of these answers are found through scientific understanding, which Dillard references in her explanation of the mangrove islands and how they function, as well as the Earth’s position in the solar system and the solar system’s position in the universe.

Dillard compares the journey of mankind to each of these natural phenomena, suggesting that humans appear to be alone on this planet that sometimes seems foreign, antagonistic, and strange to us. Dillard acknowledges that some people might view these to be disheartening comparisons: “Our life seems cursed to be a wiggle merely, and a wandering without end. Even nature is hostile and poisonous, as though it were impossible for our vulnerability to survive on these acrid stones” (158). Ultimately, however, Dillard chooses to view the journey of mankind as a hopeful thing, noting, “We are down here in time, where beauty grows” (158). Dillard suggests that, like mangrove trees, mankind can thrive off seemingly hostile environments and flourish even with no apparent purpose or end.

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