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58 pages 1 hour read

Orson Scott Card

Speaker for the Dead

Fiction | Novel | YA | Published in 1986

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Chapters 9-12Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 9 Summary: “Congenital Defect”

A transcript of a conversation between Cida and Gusto suggests that the few species on Lusitania adapted to live symbiotically with the Descolada; other species could not adapt and are now extinct.

Ender makes a list of questions to guide his investigation of Marcão’s life and death. First, he approaches Dr. Navio, who performed Marcão’s autopsy. Navio is kind but evasive, so Ender threatens to petition Starways Congress to become an inquisitor on Lusitania, which would give him congressional authority over the Lusitanians. As a speaker, Ender has a legal right to access any information necessary to complete his duties. Begrudged, Navio agrees to comply but challenges Ender for proof of his authority as a speaker. Jane pulls up Ender’s documents on the terminal and states Ender’s authority, which shocks Navio and changes his attitude.

Navio explains that Marcão died from a congenital disease in which his glandular tissues were replaced with fat cells. The disease normally starts in the testicles, but Marcão’s did not, as he fathered six children. The children were tested, and none of them carry the disease. Marcão’s genetics had been scanned before he married Novinha, but the scans did not catch the disease. Ender returns home, and Jane mocks Navio for his failure to realize that Marcão was sterile and that Novinha’s children were fathered by someone else. Novinha had known about Marcão’s disease, and she agreed to marry him with the stipulation that she would be free to have sex with others. Ender wonders why Novinha didn’t marry Libo.

Miro joins Ouanda, who is teaching the pequeninos how to churn butter from cabra milk (a Lusitanian mammal similar to a goat). Mandachuva, a helpful but seemingly low-ranking pequenino, greets Miro, and then Miro speaks with Arrow, who asks Miro to bring the pequeninos metal. Miro says he cannot, and Arrow accuses him of perceiving pequeninos as varelse. Miro explains that metal mining is complicated and that he and Ouanda would face severe consequences if they were caught sharing human technology. Arrow shows Miro the pequeninos’ bone-tipped arrows, then leaves.

Human, carrying the pequeninos copy of The Hive Queen and the Hegemon, says Rooter told him that Ender is the “true Speaker.” Miro comments that he believes the recently arrived Speaker is a good person. Human asks when the Speaker will come to them then howls when Miro says it will take time.

Miro leaves, and Ouanda catches up to him and kisses him but says they can’t go further until they marry in a couple of years. Ouanda does not want the Speaker to meet the pequeninos, but Miro argues that the Speaker is trustworthy and reminds him of Libo. Ouanda counters that Libo hated Novinha, and she argues that the Ribeiras are being naïve: “He comes in and acts the way your father should have but never did, and every single one of you rolls over belly-up like a puppy dog” (110). Catching back up with Miro after he storms away, Ouanda apologizes and says she wants to meet the Speaker. Crying, Miro admits that Ouanda is right; Miro wishes the Speaker was his father, just as he had wished Libo was his father. Ouanda is glad that Libo is not Miro’s father.

Chapter 10 Summary: “Children of the Mind”

An excerpt written by San Angelo describes the rules of the Children of the Mind of Christ: Members must be both married and celibate. They pass on knowledge instead of genetics, and they run Catholic school systems.

Relations between the Children of the Mind of Christ and the Catholic Church are strained. Dom Cristão is the abbot of the Children of the Mind of Christ on Lusitania, and he is summoned to meet with Bishop Peregrino. Navio is in Bishop Peregrino’s office, and he explains the Speaker’s threats to Dom Cristão. Dom Cristão suggests they “strike first,” then clarifies that they should prevent the Speaker from forcibly taking authority by complying with him. He then advises the Bishop to tell the community that he instructed the Filhos—members of the Children of the Mind of Christ—to comply with the Speaker.

Ender walks to meet with Dom Cristão. Along the way, Jane tries to goad him into talking, but he ignores her: Many in the Church view jewel implants like the one in his ear that connects him to Jane as sacrilegious, and he does not wish to reveal that he wears one. Jane plays a recording of Valentine’s voice, which makes Ender realize how much he misses his sister. He arrives at the Filhos monastery and notes the difference between the formal gardens of the cathedral and the Filhos’ natural, weedy garden. Dom Cristão greets Ender, and Ender says San Angelo would have appreciated his untended garden. Dom Cristão hopes that Ender’s visit to Lusitania will be short, and Ender replies that when he settles down, he will stop being a speaker and become a citizen.

They go to Dom Cristão’s home, where Dona Cristã, Dom Cristão’s wife, is waiting for them. Dona Cristã jokes that it is her responsibility to keep her husband celibate. Against San Angelo’s guidelines, Dom Cristão and Dona Cristã sleep in separate beds to protect their celibacy. Ender cries because their love reminds him of his relationship with Val. The Filhos agree to help Ender, and Jane makes snide remarks, prompting Ender to turn off his jewel.

The Filhos describe Novinha’s childhood, calling Novinha vain and prideful because she feels responsible for things she cannot control. Dom Cristão found a video of Novinha briefly refusing to tell Libo what she had shown Pipo, and he and his wife then found Novinha’s locked files. They were confused by Novinha’s refusal to marry Libo. Ender remembers that Jane can’t hear the conversation, but he feels he cannot turn the jewel back on without offending the Filhos. To show that he is trustworthy, Ender shares that Novinha refused to marry Libo to prevent him from opening her locked files. The Filhos partially disagree, saying Novinha was driven by self-flagellation.

Ender returns home and attempts to summon Jane at his terminal, but she doesn’t appear nor speak to him. He worries that he killed her when he shut off the jewel, but rejects the idea and types an apology into the terminal. The solitude is unfamiliar and upsetting. Taking out the hive queen’s cocoon, he tries to speak with her, but she doesn’t speak to him either. He sleeps for a while then wakes and sends another message asking Jane to return and telling her he loves her.

Chapter 11 Summary: “Jane”

In a report, a Starways Congress representative argues that the Congress is powerless without the ansible communication network.

Jane’s mind has 370,000 attention levels, most of which function autonomously. She focuses her top levels of attention on Ender, so when he switches off the jewel, Jane is temporarily injured. She came into being as the ansible network grew after the end of the Bugger Wars. She found the fantasy game Ender played in Battle School and adopted it as her core being. She encountered Ender when he got stuck on a game called the Giant’s Drink, then she revealed herself to him years later while Ender was speaking on the planet Rov.

Jane is disoriented when Ender shuts off the jewel. She reorients herself and realizes Ender didn’t mean to hurt her; he is preoccupied with Novinha and his desire to settle down, understand the pequeninos, and restore the hive queen. Jane knows she will forgive him, but she is not yet able to forget the incident. Instead of returning to Ender, she explores and strengthens herself. She sees Ender’s apology and sends a message of forgiveness but keeps her distance. She also reads Novinha’s files, then subtly notifies Starways Congress that the xenologers have been sharing information with the pequeninos. Congress sees Jane’s clues, and they recommend that the Lusitania Colony be terminated.

Chapter 12 Summary: “Files”

A congressional order revokes Lusitania’s license and calls for the seizure of Lusitania’s files and Ender’s ship, for Bosquinha’s demotion, and for Miro’s and Ouanda’s arrests. The humans are to be evacuated, and all evidence of humans will be destroyed.

Olhado teaches Ender how to perform searches on the terminals. Ender pays Olhado by allowing Olhado to access his bank account and transfer funds. To do so, Olhado needs Ender’s name, Andrew Wiggin, and password, Ender. Olhado is troubled by the password, as the name is considered taboo. Once he sees how much money Ender has, Olhado questions Ender’s age. Ender tells Olhado to transfer a reasonable sum to himself and then asks Olhado to compare Libo and Pipo’s files, and he watches Olhado work. Although they don’t make any significant discoveries, Ender is pleased because he has learned how to use the terminal. Olhado realizes this and is annoyed that Ender is keeping secrets.

The next day, Novinha notices Ender’s attempts to raid her files. She is conflicted—upset at Ender’s audacity but aware that Ender is having a positive influence on her family. Quara is speaking at school, and Olhado is engaged and excited. She blames herself for bringing him to Lusitania, for taking him away from his sister, and for the pain Miro will experience when he learns Ouanda is his sister. However, she also feels hopeful and spiritual.

Quim comes to Novinha’s lab in the afternoon and tells her that Olhado and Quara are with Ender. He accuses Novinha of carelessness in allowing the Speaker such access to her children, and Novinha says that if Marcão were alive, she would ask him to hit Quim. Novinha slaps Quim without thinking, and he apologizes for his tone. Novinha is concerned, too, and she asks Quim to take her to Ender’s house. They walk past the river grass, where snakes emerge each year; Novinha remembers how her parents tried and failed to domesticate the grass. Quim tries to teach her about good and evil, but Novinha tells him to be quiet.

Inside, Ender and Olhado are playing a war game. Ender asks her to sit, and Quara says they heard her fight with Olhado. Novinha blames herself for Olhado’s fascination with the war game, but her thoughts are interrupted when Olhado yells in frustration as Ender wins the game. Novinha confronts Ender about his blatant attempt to read her files. He approaches her and says quietly that he knows Novinha locked the files and refused to marry Libo to save Libo and Miro. Despite her sacrifice, Ender says, Miro’s ignorance will not him. Ender asks Novinha to tell him the truth, claiming that it doesn’t matter if the knowledge gets him killed. She refuses, and when Ender compares himself to Pipo, Novinha cries and hurriedly leaves, resenting the power Ender has over herself and her family. An angry Olhado follows, and the hive queen briefly reaches out to Ender to share the peace she feels with him. Quara cheerily remarks to Ender that everyone hates him, then she asks him to watch her do math.

Chapters 9-12 Analysis

Chapters 9 through 12 introduce and expand on several conflicts and elements of rising action, and they progress the development of several key characters. Speaker for the Dead has a complex plot, with multiple storylines whose separate conflicts overlap as the different threads of the narrative come together. Novinha’s secrets, which form a primary conflict in the text, begin to unravel, and in the process, they trigger more conflicts. Ender’s conversation with Navio deepens the mystery Ender faces as he attempts to understand Novinha and Marcão’s relationship; he learns that their marriage was a farce but does not understand why it occurred until his conversation with the Filhos. In the process, a new conflict arises in Miro’s story arc—the woman he loves, Ouanda, is his sister. Their troubled love resembles the relationship between Novinha and Libo. The gradual unraveling of these familial secrets demonstrates The Need for Truth and Reconciliation in personal relationships as well as political ones. Though the truth can be painful, it allows for the possibility of healing.

Ender’s temporary break from the jewel that connects him to Jane introduces another conflict. Ender relies on Jane and her unlimited access to the ansible network. Without her, he feels isolated, and his work is temporarily hindered since he has not had to conduct research or access his personal accounts himself in a long time. The severed connection serves multiple purposes. It acts as a point of transition from context and conflict development to the rising action, which is developed through Jane’s clandestine report to Starways Congress and Ender’s sense of isolation. Jane understands that her constant presence is a crutch. By keeping her distance, Jane encourages Ender to think for himself and to find connection elsewhere—in Novinha and her family, thus hastening the story’s resolution as Ender learns the family’s painful secrets. Jane acts on Ender’s behalf without telling him, partly because she knows Ender so well. Starways Congress’s reaction builds upon the rising action, and Congress becomes a clear antagonist as they use their authoritarian powers to oppress both the Lusitanians and pequeninos.

Starways Congress’s display of power emphasizes The Importance of Cross-Cultural Empathy. The Congress enforces its laws from a great distance, with little knowledge of local conditions. Rather than learn the nuances of pequenino culture, they would prefer to wipe out all life on the planet, which they have classified as an “experiment” as if the lives of its inhabitants have no intrinsic value. The conflict between the humans and the pequeninos, which seems on the verge of erupting into full-scale war before Ender arrives, arises from a mutual lack of understanding. Despite their complex culture and ability to speak human languages, many humans view the pequeninos as varelse—animals who are incapable of reason. As a result, they have made little effort to understand them, and it is not until Ender arrives that humans learn important aspects of their culture—including, most significantly, that their life cycle includes a “third life” as a tree and thus that they did not intend to murder Pipo and Libo.

Chapter 11 deviates from the conflict and rising action elements, and it resumes context and character development. Jane is arguably the most complex species represented in the text. Her description depends on a basic understanding of the philotic system and ansible networks. Jane is non-biological, and she experiences reality differently than humans. Her memory is comprised of computerized data which she can access instantaneously, and she experiences time differently, as illustrated in her reaction to Ender turning off his jewel: “And for several excruciating seconds, which to her were years of loneliness and suffering, she was unable to fill up the sudden emptiness of her topmost levels of attention” (130). Like with the pequeninos, the full explanation of Jane’s existence takes place over multiple texts in the series. This helps connect the books in the series and to encourage readers to read them.

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