54 pages • 1 hour read
T. J. KluneA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Arthur Parnassus is the novel’s protagonist, a magical being—a phoenix—who can create fire and take both the form of a human man and an enormous, flaming bird. Because of his powerful abilities, Arthur was consigned to the Marsyas Orphanage for magical children for many years. There, he was both physically and emotionally abused. His terrible experiences shaped Arthur into an adult devoted to protecting other magical beings, especially children.
Arthur is a loving and patient figure who is devoted to his partner, Linus, and to all of the children in his care. Arthur openly demonstrates his love for Linus and the children, even before others who disapprove. He is confident enough to be silly and vulnerable, participating enthusiastically in the children’s eccentric hobbies and comic banter, listening thoughtfully to their concerns, and apologizing unreservedly when he believes he is wrong. His consistently open-minded embrace of what makes Linus and each of the children unique and his devotion to helping those he loves become the best possible versions of themselves work to greatly improve Linus’s and the children’s confidence and happiness, making Arthur a representation of The Transformative Power of Love.
Despite his intense bonds with Linus, Zoe, Helen, and the children, Arthur starts the narrative still a somewhat isolated figure when it comes to accepting love in the same measure that he gives it. After his parents’ deaths, Arthur became the world’s only remaining phoenix, and the time he spent living in the shadows in order to help other magical beings escape government control left him feeling even further isolated. He learned to hide the phoenix inside of him and to fear the burning anger injustice makes him feel. Now, Arthur devotes his life to a new quest, that of rescuing and caring for magical children—something many people in his society oppose. He has the unqualified support of his closest circle of loved ones, but outside of this group those who support Arthur’s quest are generally marginalized people whose voices are faint in comparison to those of his detractors. Regardless of how isolating his battle becomes, however, Arthur persists. His passion for justice—represented by the fire of his phoenix nature—makes him willing to risk much in order to create a better world. His name evokes both the legendary King Arthur and the ancient mythic home of poetry, Mt. Parnassus, stressing that he is a man apart, an mythic figure of moral leadership and poetic beauty.
During the story, Arthur grows in his acceptance of his own phoenix nature, his understanding of the source of his anger, and his ability to accept love and help from others in his quest for justice. Linus and the children—especially Phee and Sal—help Arthur to see that he is loved exactly as he is and that he does not need to hide parts of himself away. When Rowder’s plot to remove Lucy is revealed, Arthur is finally driven to such an extreme of anger that he loses control—marking a turning point in his arc. In the wake of this incident, he finally cries for himself and begins to confront his own pain. The events that follow, as Zoe, the children, and the local villagers all work together to save Linus and Arthur’s family demonstrate to Arthur that he truly can rely on others to accept him as he is and help him in his quest for justice.
Linus Baker is a former DICOMY inspector who is now Arthur Parnassus’s romantic partner and a father to the children on Marsyas Island. He has thinning hair and a round belly and can be self-conscious about his appearance. Before meeting Arthur, Linus was a closed-off and fearful person dependent on rules and regulations to guide his choices; his meeting with Arthur and his gradual transformation into a more confident and vibrant person due to Arthur’s and the Marsyas children’s influence is the subject of Klune’s previous novel The House in the Cerulean Sea. Now, Linus functions as the more straightlaced parental figure in their home. Much of the novel’s comedy comes from the contrast between Linus’s desire for order and decorum and the constant chaos and mischief created by the high-spirited magical children. Klune characterizes Linus as a good-hearted man who accepts the chaos around him with a minimum of protest, genuinely enjoying the idiosyncrasies of his eccentric family, reinforcing the novel’s thematic interest in The Importance of Living Authentically. Although the children can sometimes get a rise out of Linus with their teasing, Linus can also be charmingly self-deprecating, having learned through Arthur’s love that the things he is self-conscious about are not actually serious faults. He often makes gentle jokes about his own appearance and his love for order and decorum.
As a character, Linus evidences the reality of a changed worldview. Over the course of Klune’s first novel in The Cerulean Chronicles, Linus’s views on magical beings have wholly transformed and he now supports them unreservedly. His ideological shift demonstrates that change is possible, catalyzed by ordinary people. In Somewhere Beyond the Sea, Linus represents the model of a loving, supportive partner and parent who offers unconditional love and positive regard for Arthur and the children.
At the beginning of the novel, Zoe Chapelwhite is identified only as an unregistered island sprite who lives on and protects Marsyas Island. She has delicate wings and is often depicted with flowers in her white afro, and she lives in her own home deep in the island’s forest. Zoe is a proud and independent person who confidently stands up to Marblemaw’s attempts to intimidate her and offers Arthur honest advice even when it is not what he wants to hear. Although she is a somewhat mysterious figure to Arthur and the others, Zoe is also a kind and loving person. She often helps take care of the Baker-Parnassus children and is especially close with Phee, functioning as the young sprite’s mentor due to their mutual interest in plant life. Zoe’s partner is Helen, the town of Marsyas’s mayor, and the relationship between them is depicted as a warm and healthy one.
In the final section of the novel, Zoe reveals her true identity, clearing up the mystery that has surrounded her for much of the text. She is the Queen of Marsyas and an ocean sprite, the last of her family and community to survive a massacre at human hands many centuries ago. Like Arthur, Zoe has struggled with great anger. For a long time she coped by retreating from the human world. Arthur’s return to Marsyas Island and his devotion to creating a home for magical children inspires her to re-enter the world so that she, too, can protect magical people. The threat to the Baker-Parnassus family moves Zoe to reassert herself as Marsyas’s queen. This last-minute deus ex machina revelation of her identity and the truth about Marsyas’s geography is largely responsible for the novel’s happy ending.
Jeanine Rowder is the Minister of Education and acting head of DICOMY and DICOMA. She functions as the novel’s primary antagonist. Klune has said in several interviews that J. K. Rowling was the inspiration for Rowder’s character, and in the book’s “Acknowledgements,” he specifically says that he wants to be remembered as “the Anti-J.K. Rowling” because her “beliefs on trans people are abhorrent and have no place in a modern society” (401). In Somewhere Beyond the Sea, Rowder uses her public platform and power to promote both anti-magical and heteronormative beliefs analogous to Rowling’s anti-trans beliefs.
Like the real-life Rowling, Rowder has shoulder-length reddish-brown hair; she is also characterized as having perfect, somewhat rigid posture, and “something off about her […] that [chills] Arthur to the bone” (71). The hearings in Chapter 5 demonstrate that Rowder is a clever, manipulative, and well-organized opponent. Often sarcastic and condescending, she also attempts to hide her dark intentions behind claims of beneficence: She says that she simply wants to make sure that magical children are being cared for appropriately and that they do not present a danger to humans. Lucy calls her insides “empty” (352), and tells her that she is like a black hole, “all dark” inside and constantly consuming others’ light (358). Klune depicts her as a zealot who believes in her own absolute authority as a government official and is willing to use any means to achieve her desired ends: the oppression and weaponization of magical beings for her own ideological agenda. Lucy’s speech to her in Chapter 15 makes it clear that some of Rowder’s bigotry is motivated by her own sorrow and fear: Her father was killed by a magical being.
Harriet Marblemaw is the DICOMY inspector sent to Marsyas to decide the fate of the orphanage and represents a secondary antagonist to Arthur and Linus. She is unusually tall and very thin, and she wears her hair in a neat, tight bun. Her fingers are decked with many rings, and her “gaunt face” has the “appearance of a business-professional skeleton” (217). Despite the heat of the day when she arrives on Marsyas Island, she wears a heavy, bright red coat with a stiff fur collar and gold buttons, and later, on the family outing, she wears a peacock-feather-covered coat that makes the children wonder if she is “hiding secrets” (251). She is a formal person, insisting on being addressed as “Miss Marblemaw” and making clear her displeasure at Arthur’s attempts at humor. She is “everything [Arthur despises]: smarmy condescension mixed with unearned confidence, all disguised in a candy-apple coating, sticky, sweet” (219).
Klune’s depiction positions Marblemaw as a caricature of a conservative government official: She believes herself superior to others and feels she has a right to enforce her narrow-minded perspective because she “[has] God on [her] side” (234). She is devoted to traditional, heteronormative ideas and thinks that children should be subservient to adults, magical beings should be subservient to non-magical beings, and citizens should be subservient to their government. The children’s efforts to combat her often take the form of pranks and mischief, underscoring the novel’s thematic interest in Queer Joy as a Form of Resistance. She dislikes magical people and approves of governmental efforts to control and oppress them, although she cloaks these ambitions with the language of caring. She is a bully who issues threats and advocates for censorship and propaganda, believing in an “ends justify the means” philosophy directly opposed to Arthur’s belief that the journey to a moral end must be an ethical one.
By T. J. Klune
Books on Justice & Injustice
View Collection
Community
View Collection
Equality
View Collection
Family
View Collection
Fear
View Collection
LGBTQ Literature
View Collection
Magical Realism
View Collection
Marriage
View Collection
Romance
View Collection
Safety & Danger
View Collection
Valentine's Day Reads: The Theme of Love
View Collection