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48 pages 1 hour read

Erin Bow

Simon Sort of Says

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2023

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Character Analysis

Simon O’Keeffe

Content Warning: This section contains descriptions of post-traumatic stress disorder as a result of surviving a school shooting.

Simon is the protagonist and narrator of Simon Sort of Says. He was in seventh grade when he became the only survivor in his class of a school shooting that killed all his friends. Simon developed PTSD because of the experience, and the family suffered through mass amounts of media attention that eventually drove them to seek solace in the National Quiet Zone. Simon was relieved to move somewhere where nobody knew his name or his face and where he could hopefully start over. Simon’s brain “specializes in disaster scenarios” (10), and he is always imagining the worst, but at the same time, Simon has a strong sense of humor and sarcasm that he uses to make light of difficult experiences and topics. Simon’s main concern, particularly in the first few months of living in GNB, is to be seen as ordinary and not to be pitied, patronized, or seen as unusual: “I wonder if I’m ever just going to be normal, without anyone celebrating it” (82).

Simon’s trauma causes him to have strong reactions to things that remind him of the shooting, such as loud sudden noises, confined spaces, and rooms with only one exit. He tries to keep his trauma hidden at first, especially from Kevin, but over time, he begins Living With PTSD by accepting that he has it. He learns to manage his trauma reactions and shift his focus to more positive things like his friends and family. Growing up in a home that does not keep death a secret, paired with his own near-death experience, means that Simon has a unique attitude toward the ideas of death and dying. On the one hand, he fears death like anyone would, and on the other, he accepts it as a natural part of life.

Through Healing From Trauma as a Family as well as The Redemptive Power of Friendship, Simon begins to find his own strength again. With the help of a service puppy named Hercules, his friends, and his parents, Simon’s support system is solid and gives him the space, time, and understanding to heal in his own way. Simon goes through many difficult experiences in his first months in GNB, like the anniversary of the shooting, but someone is always there to help him stand on his feet again. Simon’s friends are instrumental in his personal growth because not only do they accept him as he is, but they also give him something to work toward. Simon’s own personal reasoning for wanting to create a fake space message is to get the attention off of him, but when this backfires, he actually begins to accept that he has a past that people want to hear about. He witnesses his dad take charge of his own trauma and speak about it confidently in church, and he sees total self-acceptance in his best friend, Agate. All of this inspires him to accept himself: “Forget flying under the radar. Forget hiding. Forget Ordinary Time. It doesn’t matter what you say, but you have to say something” (199). Soon, Simon moves to a place of gratitude, not only for what he has now but also for what he lost: “I think about my old dead friends and my new alive friends and my dog” (230). When he jumps out of the treehouse, it is the first time that Simon reacts to save himself, rather than curling up and hiding. It demonstrates that Simon is finally taking control of his life again.

Simon’s Parents

Simon’s mom and dad are the most important sources of support in his life. His mother is a funeral director with a dark sense of humor, and his dad is a deacon at the local Catholic church. Simon’s parents are overbearing when the family first moves to GNB, as they are recovering from their own trauma after almost losing their son. Simon and his parents often get in arguments about who has it harder, but Simon always wins. Simon’s parents are always glad when he does something that they consider “normal,” like having a friend over or riding his bike. Simon’s parents worry about him constantly, but they allow him to have independence and the freedom to find his strength again. Simon’s mother is a prime example of The Importance of Humor in Life’s Darkest Moments because her profession deals with death and yet she always seems able to keep her head above it with a good joke.

Because Simon and his parents are traumatized by what they went through, their time in GNB is a process of Healing From Trauma as a Family. Simon realizes that “[his] parents are traumatized too” and understands when they over-worry (176). Simon’s mother in particular has had to plan funerals and serve families whose children died and whom she knew well. Similarly, when Simon has a trauma reaction and can’t come out from under his bed, his parents crawl under the bed with him and stay there until he feels safe again. Simon’s parents are also the object of their own controversies, as Simon’s dad gives a sermon about doubting God’s plan and Simon’s mom has an employee that loses a body. All the attention from these incidents, along with Simon’s own past, tests the family’s strength and their solidarity as a unit. Simon’s parents protect him in the face of media attention, and Simon always knows that he can count on them.

Agate van der Zwaan

Agate becomes Simon’s new best friend when he moves to GNB. She approaches him one day and instantly likes him because he doesn’t have the same ties to the town ideology that everyone else who lives there has. Simon describes Agate as having red frizzy hair and a larger build, but this is also something she holds no shame about. Her family lives for a “more organic pace of life” and runs a farm where they raise goats, ducks, and service dogs (21). Agate is open about the fact that she is on the autism spectrum, which surprises Simon and helps him slowly open up about his PTSD: “Agate being cool about her brain stuff makes me feel a little safer about my brain stuff” (30). Agate’s straightforward and non-judgmental nature allows Simon to feel comfortable and begin Living With PTSD. She always knows when Simon is being reminded of his trauma and does what she can to help, like reminding him to breathe, giving him other things to focus on, and even giving him a service dog puppy that Simon names Hercules.

When Simon finally tells Agate about his past, she simply accepts it as it is: “She is pink with pedaling and being upside down, and there is grass and emu feathers in her tangled red hair, but she looks at me the way people look at stars. There is nothing in her eyes but openness, and wonder” (147). Agate is also extremely intelligent and sets up the space message project using her scientific knowledge. She puts most of her focus into the project, and her enthusiasm knows no limits. Agate is also deeply loyal and jumps out of the treehouse with Simon in a grand gesture of solidarity and The Redemptive Power of Friendship. Agate, who is named after a type of gemstone, becomes the “rock” in Simon’s life.

Kevin Matapang

Kevin is one of Simon’s closest friends and a significant contributor to Simon’s journey of Living With PTSD. Through The Redemptive Power of Friendship, Simon is able to slowly shift his focus away from his trauma and toward new people and endeavors. Simon lost all his friends in the shooting, and he makes the brave decision to stay open to the possibility of new friends in his new town. Simon and Kevin get along because of their similar interests and because Kevin’s trusting nature means that some of that trust begins to rub off on Simon. Kevin is still maturing and does react poorly when he learns that Simon was the survivor of the shooting. He tells his mother and several people at school, and soon everyone in town knows. Kevin then distances himself from Simon for a time as he comes to grips with Simon’s past and the fact that Simon kept it a secret. Eventually, Kevin apologizes to Simon and becomes part of the space message project. He supplies the microwave and quickly bonds with Agate, who shares Kevin’s interest in science. Kevin takes part in the project despite the fact that his mother works at SETI because he sees that doing so will help Simon. He turns out to be a loyal friend and even learns to defend his autonomy in his relationship with his mother.

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