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43 pages 1 hour read

Matt Haig

Reasons to Stay Alive

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 2015

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Part 1, Chapters 1-21Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Part 1: “Falling”

Part 1, Chapter 1 Summary: “The day I died”

Haig recounts his metaphorical death and the period in which he leaves a carefree youth behind and begins experiencing depression. His depression initially manifests as a physiological sensation which is then exacerbated by his anxiety. At the time, he is 24 and living in Ibiza, Spain, and having trouble facing the next chapter of his life. His anxiety escalates into a mental health crisis; he stays in bed and wishes he’d never been born. Haig thinks about his sister, who is living in another country, and imagines reaching out to her. A few days later, he decides to die by suicide.

Part 1, Chapter 2 Summary: “Why depression is hard to understand”

This chapter explores why the word “depression” is insufficient, and tries to define the illness in simple terms. Haig explains that depression can affect anyone, and its true cause is still unknown.

Part 1, Chapter 3 Summary: “A beautiful view”

Haig prepares to step off a cliff and end his life, leaving his Ibiza villa and family behind. He goes to the cliff edge and finds he’s unable to continue. He catalogs reasons not to die, the most prominent being his girlfriend and family who love him. He goes back to the villa, unharmed.

Part 1, Chapter 4 Summary: “A conversation across time—part one”

This chapter is a dialogue between “Then Me” and “Future Me,” in which the future version of the author tells the past version that the future will be better and that he will find happiness.

Part 1, Chapter 5 Summary: “Pills”

Matt’s girlfriend, Andrea, convinces him to see a doctor and get a medical prescription. The doctor gives him a high dose of diazepam. Later, Matt tries the medicine and discovers it triggers even worse symptoms.

Part 1, Chapter 6 Summary: “Killer”

Haig offers some statistics on the mortality rate of depression, arguing that it is more deadly than almost any other illness. Despite these facts, stigma against depression remains.

Part 1, Chapter 7 Summary: “Things people say to depressives that they don’t say in other life-threatening situations”

This chapter lists several imaginary statements about depression, interjecting illnesses like “colon cancer” or “meningitis” to highlight the insensitivity of the observations.

Part 1, Chapter 8 Summary: “Negative placebo”

Haig recounts his experiences with medication. He found that it often did more harm than good, an effect he calls “a reverse placebo” (29). The idea that something external might be interfering with his brain triggered even greater anxiety. He experienced this effect even with lighter medication, such as ibuprofen and St. John’s Wort.

Part 1, Chapter 9 Summary: “Feeling the rain without an umbrella”

Haig considers the broader societal attitude toward medication for depression. He found a small measure of success with sleeping pills, but ultimately rejected them as he recognized the danger they could present long term. He remembers leaving Spain and his hosts, Andy and Dawn. They try to encourage Andrea to stay, but she insists on accompanying Haig home.

Haig expresses his hesitancy advocating against medication in general because it is beneficial for certain people. In his own experience, however, he believes it was healthier to learn to overcome his illness without it. The chapter closes with a quotation from the writer and psychologist Jonathan Rottenberg.

Part 1, Chapter 10 Summary: “Life”

Several months after his flight from Ibiza, Matt stands in a recruitment agency considering his life path. He gets a job in advertisement sales with a supervisor named Iain, who makes him feel alienated from other men. Haig becomes overwhelmed and leaves the job.

Part 1, Chapter 11 Summary: “Infinity”

Haig examines the relationship between the body and mind, and the way we oversimplify the body’s complex processes. He presents depression as an unsustainably heightened state of being, and a potential error of human evolution.

Part 1, Chapter 12 Summary: “The hope that hadn’t happened”

Haig meets his parents at the airport and feels the weight of their disappointment. He considers that in spite of this, he has improved slightly. They go home and have dinner together, and he tries to believe that he is cured. However, a small nagging doubt hints at the depths still to come.

Part 1, Chapter 13 Summary: “The cyclone”

At home, Haig tries to present a brave and “normal” image. He and Andrea settle in at his parents’ house. The next day, Haig feels the effects of depression and anxiety becoming more and more debilitating.

Part 1, Chapter 14 Summary: “My symptoms”

Haig lists several of the accompanying symptoms that he experienced along with his depression, including hypochondria, insomnia, and loss of appetite. He considers the relationship between anxiety and depression, with anxiety acting as a stimulant for the effects of depression.

Part 1, Chapter 15 Summary: “The Bank of Bad Days”

Haig advises the reader to store up a “bank of bad days” (49) which one can use as a point of reference to see when things are improving. Collecting these horrific experiences of depressive “lows” offers perspective when looking at less debilitating emotions.

Part 1, Chapter 16 Summary: “Things depression says to you”

This chapter is a brief dialogue between depression and a person with depression, illustrating the negativity that depression can conceive.

Part 1, Chapter 17 Summary: “Facts”

Early on, Haig attempts to use factual information about his illness as a coping mechanism. However, he acknowledges that there is still much that is unknown. The chapter presents several statistics about suicide rates, depression in relation to demographics, and mental illnesses that accompany depression.

Part 1, Chapter 18 Summary: “The head against the window”

Haig remembers being in his parents’ room alone and experiencing the lows of depression. He cries uncontrollably, and his father comes to check on him. His father is compassionate, but unable to understand the scope of Haig’s experience.

Part 1, Chapter 19 Summary: “Pretty normal childhood”

Haig considers his childhood, and whether or not the seeds of mental illness existed from a young age. He remembers spending time with his babysitter while he waited for his parents, imagining all the things that might happen to them. In another memory, he is humiliated by a childhood crush. Throughout his childhood, he remains uncomfortable with others. He explores the way his mental illness was a more honest manifestation of his being.

Part 1, Chapter 20 Summary: “A visit”

An old school friend tries to encourage Haig to come out for an evening. Haig is unable to articulate his anxiety and the feeling of being trapped in a prison of the mind.

Part 1, Chapter 21 Summary: “Boys don’t cry”

Haig considers the particular stigma that men face surrounding mental illness. Despite the fact that depression is more commonly diagnosed in women, suicide is far more common in men worldwide. The book offers several statistics about suicide among men and women, including the fact that suicide rates for women have gone down across decades while those for men have gone up. Haig explores the relationship men have to voicing their own emotions and struggles, and encourages more communication in contemporary society.

Part 1, Chapters 1-21 Analysis

“Falling” explores Haig’s first real experience with depression and anxiety. Although they existed in his life before in small ways, it wasn’t until his mid-twenties that he felt their full force in a way he didn't understand. The first few chapters open as a creative nonfiction narrative, detailing the day Haig decided to die by suicide, his consideration of method and consequences, and his decision to turn back. They also introduce some of the structural devices that the book utilizes throughout the overarching story.

This section establishes the book’s different literary devices and narrative structures. Chapter 2 steps back from Haig’s personal narrative and takes a more objective, analytical look at depression. This is a common structure in narrative nonfiction, where the opener includes a personal anecdote to lure the reader in, and the second is more analytical. Chapter 4 introduces the “conversation across time” dramatic narrative that Haig revisits several times as he charts his progress toward self-actualization and explores The Healing Power of Time. Chapter 6 incorporates statistical and factual information that Haig uses to support more generalized statements, while Chapter 7 uses lighthearted humor to illustrate challenging and sensitive ideas. Chapter 16 personifies depression, or gives it human qualities. It speaks to the person with depression, showing that it is a separate entity from the person experiencing it.

Part 1 also examines the relationship between depression and the physical body, and between depression and prescription medication. Each of these topics alludes to some of the most widespread beliefs about mental illness. In particular, Haig discusses the idea of depression being born of chemical imbalances in the brain and the idea that medication can address these imbalances. Haig attempts to present objective information and lessons from his own lived experience, but never lets the reader forget that we are all still learning. He juxtaposes things we know, such as suicide rates and demographics, against the vast mystery of the human brain.

Finally, this opening section establishes the framework of Haig’s external life and the people who inspire him to move forward. His girlfriend and later wife Andrea becomes his gravitational center through the book and life, while his parents make him feel contrasting feelings of guilt, inferiority, and determination to grow. His father, in particular, makes Haig aware of gender discrepancy in the conversations around mental health; Haig examines this on a global scale in Chapter 21, “Boys don’t cry.” Haig draws on his experience with an old school friend to highlight the gap in understanding between people with mental illness and those without the same lived experiences. Through these talking points, Haig stresses the need for Language, Communication, and Community and more dialogue to battle the challenges of mental illness.

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