83 pages • 2 hours read
Octavia E. ButlerA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more. For select classroom titles, we also provide Teaching Guides with discussion and quiz questions to prompt student engagement.
It is now 2025, six months or so after Lauren’s last entries. A three-year-old resident, Amy Dunn, set a fire in her family’s garage, but the fire was put out quickly. To help combat the girl’s neglect, Lauren gets Cory to allow Amy to go to school, even though she’s young. Mrs. Sims’s cousins, Wardell Parrish and Rosalee Payne, have come by to get their inheritance: her house. However, Lauren doesn’t trust them.
Lauren, her father, her best friend Joanne Garfield, Curtis Talcott, and a few others go into the hills for target practice. Lauren explains that her father is the reason they pay so much attention to firearms. He carries a 9-millimeter pistol whenever he leaves the neighborhood. He and Cory also have other weapons, which they keep in good condition. He also pushes the neighborhood association members to keep weapons and to know how to use them, reminding them that the police “may be able to avenge you but they can’t protect you” (48). It has become a rite of passage for the teenagers in the area to learn to shoot.
During this trip into a canyon, Lauren encounters a feral dog. Dogs in this world are not pets; they’re competing for resources and as desperate as the people. Some of the group have not seen them before. One of the teens, Aura Moss, panics and fires a weapon at some rocks, almost shooting Michael Talcott. Lauren’s father goes to look at the spot, then ends target practice. Lauren later learns that he found a family of half-eaten corpses there.
As they leave, Lauren’s father shoots at a dog. When Lauren and the others come upon it, they see that it’s not dead. Lauren experiences the dog’s pain: “I thought I would throw up. My belly hurt more and more until I felt skewered through the middle” (54). She shoots the dog through the head to stop its pain. She feels the hard blow herself, yet she does not die: “I had felt its pain and though it were a human being. I had felt its life flare and go out, and I was still alive.” (55).
A storm in the Pacific provides free water to the residents of Lauren’s community. It’s a rare event, but it presages a tragedy: Amy Dunn dies after being hit by stray bullets coming in through the big metal gate. The event causes Lauren to talk with her friend Joanne about the future and what it portends—things look bleak with the proliferation of disease, violence, and natural disasters as well as the rise of pyro, a drug that makes people want to start fires. Joanne doesn’t want to talk about serious things because there’s nothing they can do. Lauren disagrees and suggests that they can be ready for what’s going to happen.
Lauren expresses her belief that someone will smash the wall in eventually, saying, “[I]f we’re not ready, it will be like Jericho” (65). She talks about how things are changing, even though the adults are mired in the past—even her father, whom she calls “the best person I know” (67). She says she’s been reading books on survival, medicine, guns, and living off the land. Joanne isn’t taking her seriously, so Lauren lends her a book on how Indigenous people in California lived off plants. The rain stops, and Lauren wonders when it will rain again.
Joanne relates her conversation with Lauren to her mother, Phillida, who then tells Lauren’s father. Lauren feels betrayed and thinks she’ll never tell Joanne anything important again. Her father has a talk with her, saying that she doesn’t really understand what’s going on. He advises her: “These things frighten people. It’s best not to talk about them” (73). He wants her to promise not to talk about the topic anymore.
Her father maintains that she’s going about it wrong: “It’s better to teach people than to scare them, Lauren” (75). He tells her she should focus her efforts on her young students. He does admit that her idea of creating emergency packs is a good one, and he brings her in on some of his emergency plans.
Thieves enter the community, stealing fruit and trampling the spring planting. Lauren’s father believes the neighborhood must set up a watch. He takes a second shift, and he and Cory have a discussion about it that Lauren overhears. She finds it disturbing that he would have no trouble killing a thief, quoting the Ten Commandments—“Thou shalt not kill.” He responds with a verse so quickly that Lauren thinks they must have had the same discussion before. The verse is from Nehemiah 4:14, and it exhorts people to fight for their families and their homes.
The neighborhood watch becomes a regular thing, and classes are set up to help people develop self-defense skills. Nevertheless, thieves return. This time, they go after Richard Moss’s rabbits but fail to take them. Still, the experience drains Lauren’s father, and they all realize that they can’t keep this up forever.
The formerly neat Class Divisions and Inequality are breached in this section, symbolized by the times that outsiders penetrate Robledo’s outer wall. The stakes for the population are detailed when Lauren describes the shooting excursions she takes with her father and peers—insiders can only interact with the outside world if they are prepared for violence. There are few enough resources that humans are competing with dogs. Water is scarce. Even without Lauren’s empathy gene, this creates a sense of the desperation felt by those living outside Robledo, and their intrusions into the town are an inevitable consequence of their deprivation. However, these break-ins become increasingly violent as thieves start to ruin crops, kill residents, and steal their animals. This causes tension within families, including Lauren’s, and in the community.
Lauren’s thoughts and feelings continue to develop the theme of Community Versus the Individual. In Chapter 4, she makes her first kill: a dog. She hasn’t known how her hyperempathy will affect her during violent encounters, and while it’s excruciating, she now knows she can survive it. This insight into others’ pain becomes crucial in Lauren’s formulation of her ideas about God and religion. Later, she tells her best friend Joanne what she feels they must do to keep surviving, seeking commiseration with someone she cares about. While Jo can’t handle this frank conversation and withdraws, Lauren does get the commiseration she seeks from her father, who shares his emergency plans with her and takes some of her suggestions. While Lauren cannot prevent the tragedy that will take her family from her, this early emphasis on teamwork sets her up for better survival odds in later chapters.
Motifs such as fire and acorns are introduced in these chapters. Fire is a constant threat that can spread quickly if unchecked, and Amy’s fire in Chapter 4 creates a sense of danger and foreboding in the text. This is amplified by “pyro,” a drug that induces euphoria when the user sets fires. The repeated appearance of fire in these chapters foreshadows the fire that will decimate Robledo. Simultaneously, while Lauren is lunching with her best friend in her room, she eats a piece of acorn bread and calls it her “favorite” (65). In these motifs, Butler evinces polar ideas—wanton, reckless destruction versus growth. Similar to forest fires, which destroy existing life but create fertile ground for new plants to emerge, these contrasting motifs introduce the idea that destruction is necessary for rebirth, or at least that losing everything gives one the chance to begin again.
By Octavia E. Butler