43 pages • 1 hour read
Judy BlumeA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Sheila Tubman might pretend to be confident and totally in control in Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing and the rest of the Fudge series, but in Otherwise Known as Sheila the Great, Sheila’s inner monologue reveals she is dominated by fear. Fear of dogs, swimming pools, dark rooms, strange noises, and more have taken over Sheila’s life. She feels like she has no control over herself or her reactions to frightening things. Through Sheila’s summer in Tarrytown, Judy Blume discusses the importance of facing one’s fears head-on and being honest with oneself and others about the effect fear has on one’s life.
Throughout the novel, Sheila’s method for dealing with her various phobias typically involves denying, avoiding, and trying to escape from the things that frighten her. In the opening chapter, Sheila is unable to convince the elevator operator, Henry, to refuse to let a dog on with her, so she adopts a façade of disgust to hide her fear and gets off the elevator. Sheila thinks it’s “pretty smart of [her]” (4), but Sheila’s “smart” move forces her to climb 10 flights of stairs, making her too exhausted to complete her mother’s errand. Still, Sheila declares she’s “not afraid of anything!” (38) when she meets her swim instructor for the first time, although he doesn’t seem to buy it. This masking and denial keeps Sheila trapped and alone in her fear. Although Sheila’s family knows she is terrified of swimming and dogs, Sheila tries to keep this information secret when she is interacting with people from the outside world.
When Sheila tries to convince Mouse she isn’t afraid of dogs—just “allergic”—Mouse doesn’t believe her and gives Sheila some unexpected advice. She says, “if a person is scared of something, a person should just admit it” (81), which gives Sheila the perfect opportunity to admit her fears and take the first steps to overcome them, though she doesn’t take it. Characters like Mouse and Marty can see right through her bravado and recognize Sheila for who she really is: a fearful child whose fear causes her deep shame.
Though Sheila confronts several of her fears internally, like Jennifer and her male friend, the only fear she voices is her terror of putting her face in the water during swimming lessons. When she does so, Marty doesn’t shame her; he congratulates her for her honesty and says being able to admit her fear is the “first step in the right direction” (95). Afterward, Sheila even finds herself more willing to try putting her face in the water. Still, Sheila’s fears don’t go away: On the day of the big swimming test, Sheila is so scared of getting into the water that she becomes belligerent and threatens not to take the swimming test at all. Marty begs her to just try: “You’ve got to try, Sheila. That’s all I ask. You just can’t give up without trying” (126). Reluctantly, Sheila agrees, and when she successfully completes the swimming test, she is overwhelmed with pride because she “proved [that she can swim] to everyone, including [her]self!” (130). Sheila’s fear of the water didn’t magically go away once she learned how to swim, but she demonstrates real bravery by pushing through her fear and tackling it head-on. Like Marty said, admitting fear doesn’t make a person weak—it can often give them the strength they need to face their fears.
In Tales of a Fourth Grade Nothing, Peter describes his classmate Sheila Tubman as a very bossy girl who tries to control everything and everyone around her. In Otherwise Known as Sheila the Great, this behavior carries over into Tarrytown and even shows up in Sheila’s relationships with her closest friends and family. When Sheila first meets Mouse, she is excited to have her “first real-live girl friend” (35), which reveals what the reader may already suspect: Sheila’s bossy behavior has made it hard for her to make friends in the past. Judy Blume uses Sheila’s difficulty accepting help and giving up control to show how willingness to work with others strengthens friendship and helps people grow.
When Sheila meets Mouse at the beginning of the summer, she is both intimidated by Mouse and eager to become friends with her. The first thing Mouse tells Sheila about herself is that she is a yo-yo champion, and she lets Sheila use her yo-yo. Sheila immediately fails to pull off a basic yo-yo trick and becomes so embarrassed she claims she “didn’t want to hurt [Mouse’s] feelings before,” but “yo-yos are for babies” (26-27). Sheila feels threatened when she is in the presence of people who can do things she can’t, and this lashing out shows her desire to exert her superiority even if she wrecks a potential friendship.
Privately, Sheila admits she “wishe[s] there was something [she] could do better than Mouse and the other kids in Tarrytown” (56), and when the idea to start up the camp newspaper comes around, Sheila is determined to tackle the project by herself. Mouse is thrilled to hear about the newspaper because she thinks it will be a chance to work on a special project with her new friend. She tells Sheila that if she becomes a reporter, then “[they] can work together” and “be a team” (69). For Mouse, friendship means collaborating to create something fun and memorable, and she wants to be a part of bringing Sheila’s newspaper vision to life. However, Sheila is so determined to prove she can do something better than Mouse that she shuts her down completely. Sheila proclaims the newspaper is “[her] idea and [she’s] doing everything” (69) by herself, without any help from others. Mouse is hurt, and Sheila’s newspaper turns out to be a tedious, exhausting disaster that she abandons to other campers. When the new campers take over and establish a strong team, the newspaper thrives. Instead of learning about the value of teamwork, however, Sheila decides that “the next time [she] think[s] up such a great project [she] will be the boss and [her] committee of workers will do everything else!” (75).
Sheila craves control, and it isn’t until she faces the model airplane disaster at her slumber party that she starts to understand the value of teamwork. Together, she, Mouse, Jane, and Sondra work to repair Bobby Egran’s model airplanes, and together they conspire to get revenge on Libby and Maryann. Sheila learns that, while working as a team doesn’t always yield the results she would have wanted, it’s much more fun and rewarding to have friends by her side.
The Tubman sisters face different battles with self-image. While Sheila struggles to believe people will like her despite her fearfulness, Libby faces the common teenage battle with her appearance. In both cases, a poor self-image hinders confidence and causes conflict.
Judy Blume describes Libby as being a stereotypical teenage girl: She loves music and dancing, and she dreams of being an actress. Sheila says Libby is eager to go to the beach and the swimming pool because she “has a new bikini and she wants to show it off” (10), but Libby becomes incredibly self-conscious when she sees her crush, a teenage lifeguard, with another girl, who “doesn’t look like a skeleton in her bikini” (49). Sheila calls her sister a “dancing skeleton,” making fun of her skinny body and lack of feminine curves, and although Libby tries to hide her hurt with insults of her own, she takes these comments to heart. When Maryann Markman gets the part of Wendy, Libby’s low self-esteem surfaces, and she is convinced she didn’t get the part because she is “so ugly it’s unbelievable!” (89). In a moment of anguish, Libby even warns that when Sheila turns 13, she’ll be “as ugly as [Libby], if not uglier!” (89).
Sheila’s struggles with self-image are more evident in her relationships with others. Though she constantly refers to herself as “Sheila the Great” and other equally self-aggrandizing titles, her inability to cope with anybody else’s success shows her deep insecurity. This is clearest when she tries to start the camp newspaper. She plans to “show the Tarrytown kids that [she] [is] an expert at something” (66) because she helped with the class newspaper during the previous schoolyear. Even though Mouse, Sondra, and Jane all repeatedly choose to hang out with her despite her bossier tendencies, she still feels the need to prove herself and her expertise. This is part of why she reacts so strongly when Mouse offers to help: The newspaper was supposed to be her way of feeling superior, and any help would mean she couldn’t claim all the credit. However, when the newspaper is a disaster and she pawns it off on two other campers who make it succeed through teamwork, she immediately becomes dismissive and cruel about Mouse’s involvement. The newspaper now represents a threat to her self-image, so she needs it to be meaningless and boring.
Mrs. Tubman offers her daughters some advice: “If you feel beautiful you are beautiful! It all comes from inside” (90). Sheila thinks about how she feels inside, and even though she knows she might have “weird eyebrows” and “funny toes” (114) like the Slam Book suggests, she also knows her friends in Tarrytown like her enough to spend time with her and come to her slumber party. They think she is overall an interesting person and a decent friend—and when Sheila realizes this, it strengthens her self-image, which builds up her confidence.
Libby, too, makes progress toward a healthier self-image. In the end, she finds companionship with Hank Crane, and although he’s not the best-looking boy in Tarrytown, Libby tells Sheila that Hank is a “very talented” aspiring filmmaker, “which is more important than being good-looking” (119). Libby learns to accept her mother’s wisdom—that beauty “comes from inside” (90)—and like Hank, she decides to focus on being her own person and surrounding herself with people who make her feel good in her own skin.
By Judy Blume