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50 pages 1 hour read

Vladimir Nabokov

Invitation to a Beheading

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 1935

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Chapters 9-12Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 9 Summary

When Cincinnatus wakes the next day, he hears loud noises outside his cell. Not only has Marthe arrived, but she is accompanied by her entire family and all the family’s furniture. Marthe’s father, her identical twin brothers, her maternal grandparents, and her three female cousins have come to the fortress, but the cousins are being denied entry. Diomedon and Pauline, Marthe’s children (fathered by other men during her affairs), have also come to the prison. Marthe has even invited one of her lovers, who has a “flawless profile.”

The group enters the small cell, dragging in their furniture and other items including a fishbowl, a tricycle, sections of walls, and a wardrobe with a mirror. Cincinnatus watches, then Marthe’s father begins to criticize Cincinnatus “in detail and with relish” (100). While he talks, Marthe talks to her lover, who seems concerned that she is cold. Marthe notices that her son is misbehaving and rebukes him. Marthe’s father demands Cincinnatus explain why he has been condemned to death.

Roman enters and sits in a quiet corner of the cell, where a cat leaps onto his shoulder. Marthe’s father continues his diatribe then falls silent, reaching for his cigarettes. The atmosphere grows “animated” as everyone begins to talk or sing or argue. The door to the cell opens, revealing Rodrig and Pierre. Cincinnatus wants to speak to Marthe but is interrupted by an “angry shriek” from Diomedon, who is being teased by Emmie. She has a hold of his non-functional leg and is dragging it into “various complicated contortions” (105). Cincinnatus grabs Emmie and she runs away from him.

As Cincinnatus tries again to talk to Marthe, Rodion and another guard lift up the sofa on which she is sitting and carry it out of the cell. The other visitors begin to pack everything up. Marthe’s father offers to “let bygones be bygones” as he leaves (106). Rodion drags a weeping Emmie from the cell then returns to collect the corpse of the cat.

Chapter 10 Summary

Pierre comes to Cincinnatus’s cell for “intimate chit-chat.” Pierre says he is aware that Rodrig seems to praise him above all others. He wonders whether Cincinnatus is jealous of this “privileged position.” Pierre notices something on Cincinnatus’s neck. When he checks Cincinnatus’s neck, his touch is unexpectedly tender. He finds nothing, and Cincinnatus asks him to leave.

Pierre reveals that he has been accused of trying to arrange an escape attempt for Cincinnatus, which is why he is in prison. Pierre insists that he never lies, but he will not say whether this accusation is true; all that matters is that he was accused. He assures Cincinnatus that they will “mount the scaffold together” (111). Cincinnatus thanks Pierre, deciding to believe him. Cincinnatus dislikes Rodion and Rodrig, but Pierre praises both men. He criticizes Cincinnatus’s “haughty contempt” for them. When Cincinnatus asks Pierre whether he knows the date of the execution, Pierre reproaches him for his “foolish curiosity.”

Cincinnatus wonders whether Pierre would like to escape, but Pierre changes the subject. To show off his physicality, Pierre rolls up his shirt sleeve—revealing a tattoo—and lifts his chair above his head. Next, he performs a labored handstand. Someone outside the cell claps. Pierre performs a handstand on the table and bites the back of the chair. Rodrig enters, applauding. He doesn’t see that Pierre has left his dentures biting into the back of the chair. Pierre quietly retrieves the dentures and leaves, taking the chair with him. Rodrig claps less enthusiastically and leaves.

Chapter 11 Summary

Cincinnatus tells the guards that he no longer wants to read the daily newspapers, from which every mention of his impending execution has been removed. The guards bring Cincinnatus tea rather than hot chocolate, which Cincinnatus takes as evidence that Rodion has “grown bored of serving the silent and fastidious” Pierre (117). Rodion returns the chair to Cincinnatus’s cell; Pierre’s teeth marks are still visible. The chair is returned with a note from Pierre, which proudly describes his “agility and astounding muscular development” (118).

After spending so much time in the cell, Cincinnatus knows the room intimately. He knows where and when the shadows fall across the four walls and how the shadows darken their yellow color. The overhead electric light bulb is not quite centered, which Cincinnatus finds maddening. He has a table, a chair, and a cot; only the chair can move. Beside the window, there is a spider that Rodion occasionally feeds. Any writing that was once on the walls has been cleaned. His pitcher of water has been taken away, as has the list of rules. Now the cell seems like “a waiting room” (119). Amid Cincinnatus’s “violently scribbled pages” is a letter to Marthe (120), which he has not yet decided whether to send.

Cincinnatus’s “vague” physical features suggest that “one side of his being [has slid] into another dimension” (121). Cincinnatus examines the books on his table. Among them is the famous novel Quercus, of which Cincinnatus has now read about 1,000 pages, about a third of the book. The protagonist of the novel is an oak tree, witnessing hundreds of years of history. Though the novel is “unquestionably the best his age [has] produced” (123), Cincinnatus only feels a sense of melancholy as he reads. He pesters Rodion with more questions, then examines the shadows on the walls, thinking how his imprisonment has softened him. When Rodion brings dinner, he criticizes Cincinnatus for pestering him with “stupid questions” rather than acknowledging the love and care that he provides. That night, Cincinnatus puts down his book and laments that there is no one to save him. A breeze blows an acorn onto his blanket.

Chapter 12 Summary

In the early hours of the morning, Cincinnatus wakes to the sound of a “muted tapping.” He lies in his bed, listening to the scratching noise, then sits up to search for the source of the scratching sound. When he bumps his food tray, the sound stops. After a short time, the sound resumes, “quieter, more re-strained, but more expressive and wiser” (128). While trying to fetch his slippers, Cincinnatus makes another noise and the sound stops again for good. He thinks about how to communicate his interest to whatever is making the sounds, should they start again.

A storm brews during the day. Rodrig visits the cell and announces that Cincinnatus’s mother has come to visit. Cincinnatus hardly knows his mother and declines to meet with her as it would be “pointless.” Rodrig leaves, then returns with Cincinnatus’s mother, Cecilia C. She immediately complains about the storm then discusses the quietness and cleanliness of her son’s cell. The two resemble each other. Cincinnatus asks why his mother has come, as her visit is “neither kind, nor interesting” (132). To him, she seems like a parody of a mother. Cincinnatus bemusedly asks her to tell the “legend” about his father. Cecilia tells the story, claiming that she has no clue about the identity of Cincinnatus’s itinerant father. All she remembers is that he was “also like [Cincinnatus]” (133), then she begins to speak about the weather.

Cecilia tells Cincinnatus about her daily routine, but he continues to dismiss her as a parody. As he complains about the prison, she launches into a story about “absolutely absurd objects” that she remembers from her childhood (135). When he hints at his imminent execution, he notices a strange expression flash across her face. He recognizes this “spark” of horror or pity and is gratified to see this genuine emotion. Cecilia prepares to leave as Rodrig bursts into the cell. Cecelia departs as Pierre enters, carrying a collection of games.

Chapters 9-12 Analysis

Pierre makes the case for the importance of tradition in everything he does, typically at the expense of or in opposition to Cincinnatus, yet Cincinnatus has his own daily rituals and traditions that he continues even as they lose all meaning. Cincinnatus fills his empty days in part by reading the newspapers. These newspapers have been carefully examined and censored before they reach him, meaning that any information about his trial or execution has been removed. The information most relevant to his life is not in the papers, yet he cannot stop himself from reading; it is a habit he formed long ago. This daily habit is an allegory for the futility of existence. Reading the papers did nothing for Cincinnatus in his earlier life, and it does nothing for him now. Yet he continues to do it, even as he is conscious of the futility of doing so. Cincinnatus is as wedded to meaningless traditions and routines as everyone else.

In this section Cincinnatus’s mother, Cecilia C., visits him in prison. Their interaction is brief but significant. This is the longest that they have ever spent in each other’s company, at least since Cincinnatus was old enough to be aware of his mother’s existence. Although he is largely polite in their conversation, he cannot bring himself to show any warmth toward her. She is just another woman; she will leave him soon, abandoning him at the end of his life just as she abandoned him at the beginning. Cincinnatus’s strained relationship with his mother demonstrates how traditional structures and institutions have always alienated him, from family to government to reality itself.

Cecilia’s visit connects to the theme of The Duality of Life Under Totalitarianism. In her musings about the objects from her childhood, she recalls a kind of mirror that “completely distorted ordinary objects” but that had the opposite effect on “incomprehensible, monstrous” objects called “nonnons” (135):

When you placed one of these incomprehensible, monstrous objects so that it was reflected in the incomprehensible, monstrous mirror, a marvelous thing happened; […] everything was restored, everything was fine, and the shapeless speckledness became in the mirror a wonderful, sensible image (135).

In this description, the boundaries between reality and unreality are shifting and difficult to discern. The same might be said of the world Cincinnatus inhabits, with its arcane rules and senseless proceedings. Like the special mirrors of Cecilia’s childhood, this world erases and upends boundaries, creating a “jumble” of information that Cincinnatus struggles to understand. Cecilia’s mirrors and nonnons speak to The Brittleness of Reality, suggesting that it is impossible to separate reality from unreality in this absurd world.

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