55 pages • 1 hour read
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Isobel receives a letter from Edward, who again promises to return with riches, hopes she is pregnant, and encourages her to work only if necessary. She angrily compares her husband, who left her penniless, with Nat. Edward includes an obscure warning about Mercy and Zeke, whom she vows to protect. At Mrs. Adams’s shop, Abigail excitedly announces that Nat inquired about Isobel’s gloves, but all three pairs were sold to women from Philadelphia. Mrs. Adams commissions six more pairs, and Isobel negotiates for higher pay, but doesn’t receive as much as she deserves. She plans to steal customers for herself.
Feeling robbed by both Edward and Mrs. Adams, Isobel draws designs at the boulder where Nat often writes. She plans a scene from the biblical Garden of Eden for her shawl. Nat arrives, complimenting her success with the gloves and encouraging her to try her leopard design again. Isobel confesses that Mrs. Adams is not paying her fairly nor giving her credit for the gloves. She plans to make her own name, using her shawl, and shows him her design. Nat compliments it but reminds her to include the snake from the biblical Garden of Eden, citing it as the true source of temptation. Isobel confesses to having read his story in Charlotte’s magazine. He describes his publishing woes, including a rejection from Mr. Goodrich, a Boston publisher, who wants “stories for ladies and children” (175). Nat asks Isobel about stories that women want to read. She references his family history, and he expresses disgust at his ancestor John Hathorne’s actions. He wants to write about darkness and leave Salem; he is soon taking a trip to Maine, but hopes to leave Salem permanently.
Nat lists prominent Salem families descended from either the accused or accusers during the witch trials—including Mrs. Adams and the Silases. Mrs. Silas is descended from a hanged woman, which is why she hired Isobel. Nat explains that the families remained in Salem for lack of anywhere else to go, causing Isobel to wonder who helped Isobel Gowdie after her escape. Nat reveals his family married the grandchildren of accused who escaped the trials, who were able to do so with their wealth. He recounts how, a year after the trials, the accusers and judges all apologized, save John Hathorne. Though Isobel is tempted, she does not share her connection to Isobel Gowdie. Nat discusses the curse issued by Sarah Good at the gallows and his ongoing search for the fate of her daughter, Dorcas Good. He compares his writing to Isobel’s storytelling through stitching, and she feels a close connection to him.
Tituba sits in a Boston jail with other accused witches. After none of the other enslaved people of Salem spoke in her defense, not even her husband, John Indian, Tituba confessed to witchcraft after striking a deal for her freedom with Reverend Parris. Widow Osborne has been killed, Goodwife Martin resents Tituba for her confession, and Sarah Good repeatedly asserts her innocence.
Mercy objects to Isobel working for the Silases, who profit from the slave trade and run sugar plantations in Jamaica that use enslaved people’s labor. She argues slavery was only recently outlawed in Massachusetts and that the legacy of such violence remains in Salem. She recounts how her grandmother was enslaved in Africa and brought to Jamaica, then brought north by a white man who kept her as a “comfort woman,” impregnating her with Mercy’s mother. Mercy’s mother was then sold to another white man, who impregnated her with Mercy. The man sent Mercy’s pregnant mother away when the law surrounding slavery changed to protect himself. Isobel asks if the Silases specifically harmed Mercy’s family, causing her to grow distant and assert “a slave man is a slave man” (185). Isobel gives her beeswax for ointment and pays for the new glove frame Zeke made for her.
Isobel attends church and thinks about different families’ connections to the witch trials. After the sermon, she visits the boulder where she and Nat spoke a week ago and finds a rose intertwined with hawthorn flowers, left by Nat. Delighted, she stitches a scarlet “A” on a scrap of cloth and hides it in the crevasse where she found the flowers, imagining Nat touching her hand. Over the next few days, Isobel furiously works on gloves for Mrs. Adams, inadvertently stitching the words “LOVE” and “COURAGE” in her designs. When Mrs. Adams sees the gloves, she calls them enchanted, leaving Isobel to wonder again if she is a witch.
Isobel walks through Salem, alert for signs of Nat, when she overhears two Black men, including Mr. Redmond, discuss a slave catcher who has been searching Salem for an escaped mother and child. A woman explains that the law permits plantation owners to pursue enslaved people who escaped north, leading Isobel to wonder what other injustices occur in Salem that she has not noticed.
John Hathorne and Reverend Cotton Mather interrogate four-year-old Dorcas Good, who confessed to witchcraft. She blames the marks on her arms, which she made by sucking on them for comfort, on a snake, as her father told her sucking her arms is “nasty and unnatural” (193). The men take Dorcas’s report of a snake as confirmation of her mother Sarah Good’s guilt. They arrest the child, whose father complies. Even as Sarah Good is taken to the gallows, she asserts both her and Dorcas’s innocence: “I am not a witch, and if you kill me, God will give you blood to drink” (194-95).
Isobel returns to the Silases’ to finish Charlotte’s veil. She is offended by Mrs. Silas’s comment that Zeke and Mercy should, as Black people, show her more deference. Even so, she accepts a lucrative job to sew petticoats for Charlotte’s trousseau. Isobel shops for different goods, and the shapes of cut white fabrics remind her of friendly ghosts.
Later, Mercy brings Isobel a jar of maple syrup. Isobel uses her cape to hide Charlotte’s white fabrics, but feels exposed when Mercy examines her stitched memories. Mercy asks about Isobel Gowdie, and Isobel relays the story, which Mercy finds amusing. She praises Gowdie’s claim of being the Devil’s lover as a smart use of power. She says taking advantage of power is important to Black women and women like Isobel, as white Americans view Scottish people with prejudice. Isobel hurries to claim Scottish people are British, but Mercy rejects this as important to white Americans. She encourages Isobel to use her understanding of prejudice to manipulate those with systemic power, but remember that this prejudice is untrue.
When the court of Oyer and Terminer, which arbitrated the witch trials, is overturned, 93 accused are released from jail. As magistrates and accusers repent, John Hathorne insists the accused are witches. Sarah Carrier, who testified against her own mother out of fear, anticipates his death.
Isobel encounters the Philadelphia women who purchased her gloves at Mrs. Adams’s shop. She doesn’t speak to them, but notes their names and preference for “free cotton”—cotton made without enslaved labor, which they insist is the only kind a “true Christian woman” would use (207). They order a dozen pairs of gloves, insisting the work be done by the same artisan, whom Mrs. Adams claims is an anonymous recluse. Isobel insists on being paid half her fee for the gloves upfront, negotiating for a higher price overall. Mrs. Adams reports news of trouble on Darling’s ship due to one of the men; Isobel is certain this man is Edward. Two days later, she receives news from Darling that Edward did not board the return ship in Bermuda, which frightens her, then fills her with hope.
Isobel shares Edward’s absence and her past with Nell. Nell advises she stay in Mrs. Silas’s good graces to find future work. At home, Isobel reads a letter from her father, which reports that he is ailing. She stitches for Charlotte to process her emotions, then uses a piece of fine cloth she saved from Scotland and the last of Darling’s silk threads to stitch a leopard containing messages of strength and courage, including a drop of her blood from her pricked finger. She sends the leopard to her father with a letter promising to name any son she has after him. Isobel feels alone and worries for her future.
Nat visits Mrs. Adams’s shop, holding the scarlet A Isobel left for him, which he returns to her. Isobel wants to tell him of her woes, but instead chats about trivial topics. He negotiates with Mrs. Adams over the price of Isobel’s embroidery, and requests a waistcoat with a leopard stitched on it. Mrs. Adams seems to dislike him, and Isobel remembers how Nat’s ancestor accused witches, while her and Felicity’s ancestors were some of the accused. Despite this, she trusts Nat.
Isobel dreams of her mother, asking if she wants Edward to come home. Her mother tells her to “think of the faeries beneath the [hawthorn] trees” (217). Isobel is roused from the dream by Nat, drunkenly knocking her door. His face is injured, and his clothes torn. Isobel hides her work for Charlotte and admits Nat, knowing this decision will mean the start of a romantic relationship. He stumbles through a story of gambling, then being mugged for his winnings, which he intends to use to buy Isobel’s gloves. She stitches a knife wound in his side, coating it with pennyroyal ointment to prevent fever, and lays him in her bed. She notes cross scratches on Nat’s back, but he won’t explain them. He says Isobel’s name in three syllables, “is a bell,” as he falls asleep (220).
Isobel stays awake as long as she can, watching Nat, but eventually falls asleep on the floor beside the bed. She wakes him early, so he can leave before Mercy’s children come to use her well. He asks her to make him a new coat in three days, as he doesn’t have money to replace his damaged one, and Isobel promises to try to repair it. She sees the cross scratches on Nat’s back again and thinks of religious penance, wondering if his guilt arises from lust for her. He asks to return, and they agree upon a candle in the window as a signal that he may visit. As he leaves before dawn, Isobel spots Mercy running with a man in the forest.
Years after the witch trials, Tituba is finally free of nightmares. She lives alone, as John Parris, her former enslaver, never returned for her after her incarceration during the trials. She plans to go west, but first seeks Dorcas, who is dying. Tituba relays love from Dorcas’s deceased mother, then escapes the threat of future enslavement by heading west.
The next day, tired from her long night with Nat, Isobel asks Abigail about the history of slavery in Salem. Abigail says that while Salem residents like to disavow this history, many residents enriched themselves via the slave trade. Isobel asks if the Silases, a slaving family, are cruel, to which Abigail responds that any person involved in enslaving another is cruel.
Using coins Nat gave her, Isobel purchases superfine wool and silk to repair his coat. When he returns, she takes his measurements, thrilled at the excuse to touch him. He admires her work on Charlotte’s petticoats, though Isobel keeps the customer’s identity secret. She inquires about the history of her cottage, and he says Widow Higgins, then a married woman, was a midwife who lived in the cottage with her Native American husband; she attended the birth of Nat’s sister, with whom Nat’s mother was pregnant before her marriage. When Widow Higgins’s husband died, her sister began to speak of people sneaking in the woods to commune with the Devil. Widow Higgins’s sister later reported being sexually assaulted by “a man with a long white beard” (231), which earned her scorn from the town, who considered the claim a sign of her own sin; she died shortly thereafter. White residents no longer accepted Widow Higgins’s midwifery, so she moved to live closer to Black residents. Isobel reflects on the widow’s success at hiding her secrets. The discussion reminds her of her father’s approaching death, and she weeps. Nat embraces her before departing. Isobel makes a “pessary” (an herb-and-beeswax plug) designed to prevent pregnancy and inserts it before Nat comes to retrieve his coat several days later. When he arrives, they kiss.
While subtle, this section develops the plot regarding Mercy, Zeke, and Darling’s aid of those escaping slavery, which Isobel begins to suspect. Isobel’s understanding of the American political climate grows through invocations of legal and social events in the early to mid-19th century. In Chapter 15, Isobel learns of the Fugitive Slave Act of 1793, though it is not named in the novel. The law mandated that enslaved people who escaped to states where slavery was illegal could be detained and returned to bondage, and that children born to an enslaved mother were likewise enslaved. The law was controversial and many local courts, including the Missouri Supreme Court, regularly ruled it was not locally enforceable. The law resulted in many escaped people being returned to bondage. One such instance is recorded in Solomon Northrup’s 1853 memoir Twelve Years a Slave. In 1850, a stricter Fugitive Slave Act was passed, which is commonly cited as a key cause of the American Civil War.
Similarly, in Chapter 17, Isobel encounters two Philadelphia women, who introduce her to the term “free cotton,” used to describe cotton grown without the use of enslaved labor. One woman states “A true Christian woman will not wear anything but [free cotton]” (207). This framing of “true” womanhood invokes the 19th century “Cult of True Womanhood,” sometimes referred to as the “Cult of Domesticity,” which held that a “true” woman was pious, pure, and engaged in the domestic duties typical of upper-middle-class white women. This notion of “purity” troubled the proto-feminist movement known as the “feminist abolitionists,” who held that one of the injustices of slavery was the sexual abuse of enslaved women. This movement, which included Susan B. Anthony, Lucretia Mott, Angelica Grimké, and Elizabeth Cady Stanton, was often accused of framing slavery as something that damaged the moral purity of white women, as opposed to Black, enslaved women. Sojourner Truth’s famous 1851 address to the Seneca Falls Convention—“Ain’t I a Woman?”—addresses this issue. In the post-abolition era, Susan B. Anthony in particular separated from her associates due to her racism. Likewise, Isobel’s understanding of religious values and racism changes with exposure to such issues. The novel seeks to celebrate “Scribbling Women” and Feminist Reimagination by pushing her to change. While designing a scene of the biblical Garden of Eden for her shawl, Nat reminds her to add the snake from the story—the Devil in disguise. This symbol of temptation informs Isobel’s relationship with the Silases, her wealthy employers, whom Mercy says profited from enslaved labor. Despite her friendship with Mercy’s family, and harboring enough shame to hide her work for Charlotte Silas whenever possible, she chooses to continue this work. Being a young woman with little money, from which her husband stole, she finds herself constantly weighing practicality and morality—which is complicated by her and the Silases sharing The Gendered Burden of Family History.
In addition to the horrors depicted in the interludes, this section further develops abuse of religion by framing Nat as embroiled in self-serving contradictions. He desperately wishes to leave Salem, but later says doing so would cost him “everything” and refuses to do so. In Chapter 18, he is revealed to self-flagellate, like Hester Prynne’s once lover Arthur Dimmesdale did in The Scarlet Letter—a punishment meant to seek forgiveness from a higher power. This literary parallel reinforces Fictionalizing History, Historicizing Fiction. Rather than offer practical advice and genuine love, Nat offers empty promises and shows of victimhood—as if doing so alleviates him of accountability and guilt. He dwells on his ancestors’ wrongs but like flirtation, later accuses Isobel of witchcraft when it serves him.