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39 pages 1 hour read

Wendy Mass, Rebecca Stead

Bob

Fiction | Novel | Middle Grade | Published in 2018

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Symbols & Motifs

The Dictionary

During the five years while Livy is absent, Bob reads the dictionary in the closet. Initially, this is a way for him to pass the time and to stave off potential boredom. But Bob relishes the knowledge that the dictionary brings, retaining the new words and definitions he learns and frequently recalling them. That he laments being unable to read when it becomes too dark demonstrates this love of knowledge. Likewise, he turns to the dictionary to teach him how to comprehend and navigate the human world, indicating his intelligence and resourcefulness.

Bob and Livy both recognize that books such as a dictionary are tools for discovering how the world works and for uncovering the unknown. They initially use the dictionary in hopes of discerning what Bob is, quickly ruling out Livy’s initial assessment that Bob is a green creature. Defining what Bob is, they agree, could be key to determining how to return Bob to his home.

In this way, Livy and Bob’s hypothesis is correct, as the answers to their questions lie not in the traditional dictionary but in another kind of resource book: A to Z. Once they have remembered this book’s existence via the help of Livy’s time capsule, Bob and Livy learn that Bob is a well dweller. It is through the aid of this book that they learn of the important role Bob plays in ensuring rain and discover where Bob’s home is. The dictionary builds the foundation for Bob’s quick wit and ability to discern human nuance that leads them to discover the source of Bob’s origin.

The Black Chess Piece

The importance of the magical black chess piece is foreshadowed in the novel’s first chapter as Gran sets out the white chess pieces in hopes of jogging Livy’s memory concerning her initial visit. That Livy wonders where the black pieces are lays the groundwork for the significance of the chipped black pawn. Livy soon learns that she taught Bob to play chess—a game she plays with her father and thus indicates the importance of her friendship with Bob. Through chess, Livy and Bob establish a friendly competition. Further, Bob uses the black chess pieces to help him pass the time while Livy is away, playing imaginary games with the Lego monkey.

The black pawn, however, is magic, and in this way, it symbolizes the magic Bob himself possesses as a well dweller. It is unclear to both Bob and Livy how Livy initially determined that the pawn causes her to remember Bob, but Bob’s memory of Livy pocketing the chess piece during her last visit proves valuable. It is only the chipped pawn that holds magical ability, a detail that is never explained in the novel. Because it is chipped, it is marred and imperfect, and the gaps in the text allow readers to infer that this might be—ironically—what makes it magical.

Bob points out that the pawn’s job is to protect the king piece during the game. In this way, the novel reinforces the way in which Livy protects Bob—keeping him hidden from adult view, providing food for him, and saving him from an attacking cat. The novel suggests that though Livy was unsuccessful in smuggling the chipped chess piece home with her last time, she may be able to do so this time. Indeed, Bob risks both being seen and forgetting his home by returning the piece to Livy after his mother has taken it from her: evidence of just how important Livy has become to him.

Wells

The first reference to a well occurs when Livy’s mother explains that her father built the well on Gran’s property and that Livy was forbidden from going near it when she was five. Livy does not remember this, but Bob does. This hints at the well being both significant and a potential source of danger. As Livy and Bob try to discover where Bob came from, Livy senses that Gran’s well may provide important clues. She becomes convinced that she must have fallen into it when she was five, causing her to be wet when Bob encountered her in the chicken coop.

Ironically, Livy is on the correct path when she deduces that the well is important, but in truth it is not Gran’s well but another well that holds the key to Bob’s existence. Livy has focused on the well as a source of danger, rather than focusing on its purpose of providing water. The drought has impeded the water supply. Without water, the animals and crops on Gran’s farm, and those throughout the town, cannot thrive.

When Bob is returned to his home, he can fulfill his purpose as a well dweller, ensuring that rain falls and that the area has ample water. Bob finds satisfaction and meaning in his role in ending the drought, and this contribution fills him with joy. The well itself symbolizes a boundary between his world and Livy’s world—leaving the well proves detrimental to both as the human world suffers from drought because of Bob’s absence and Bob forgets who he is and where he comes from as he departs from the well. In this way, that the well is dangerous is partly true. It represents life and sustenance, but also that which is forbidden and off-limits.

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