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63 pages 2 hours read

Hampton Sides

Blood and Thunder

Nonfiction | Book | Adult | Published in 2006

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Symbols & Motifs

Landscape

For Sides, landscape is a dynamic character, with perhaps more power over life and death than any other force in Blood and Thunder. The Southwest is famous for its rugged, picturesque beauty, and Sides uses poetic descriptions of the landscape to foreshadow the events in a scene. As the Navajo chief Narbona waits in trepidation for his first meeting with white men, Sides describes Navajo country as wilting at their arrival: “The brilliant yellow blooms of the chamisa had faded to a drab brown and the aspens were losing their leaves” (189).

 

When John Washington’s men left Fort Marcy for a dangerous expedition into the Jemez Mountains, Sides emphasizes the local storms: “Summer’s lightning storms nearly always came from that direction; in the afternoons the clouds would build and blacken on the Jemez […] as they snarled east toward Santa Fe […]” (270). He uses a soldier’s own words as Kearny and his men slog through Devil’s Turnpike, a deadly section of desert: “The high black peaks, the deep dark ravines, and the unearthly looking cacti which stuck out from the rocks like the ears of Mephistopheles—all favored the idea that we were now treading on the verge of the regions below” (203). 

Carson’s Illiteracy

Kit Carson spoke at least eight languages—French, Spanish, and six native dialects—but he never learned to read or write his own. Sides brings up Carson’s illiteracy frequently, both as a characterization device for Carson and to underscore the ironies of his role in settling the West. This mountain man crossed the continent multiple times, carrying missives he couldn’t read.

 

Carson was the vanguard for a culture in which he was unable to completely take part, and which he constantly worried would mock him for his lack of education. His shame led in no small part to the inferiority complex which made him a willing henchman for educated men (e.g., Fremont, Carleton). Illiteracy made Carson a man born for the bloody work of forging an empire, but less so for the “civilizing” that came after.

Locations, Revisited

Stephen Watts Kearny and Carson first met at the ruins of Valverde; Carson would turn the tides on a major battle there years later. The New Mexicans, under the cowardly General Armijo, first planned to resist Kearny at Apache Canyon; John Chivington would destroy the Confederate supply train there years later. As Sides chronicles the surprisingly small world of the American West, highlighting the unexpected and fateful connections made there, he also makes sure to mention locations visited before, especially when they lend nuance to his story. Narbona Pass, for example, was named for a strategically impressive ambush devised by great Navajo leader. It was redubbed Washington Pass by the Americans simply because they passed through it. “If renaming is the first act of conquest,” Sides writes, “then [the solider] had struck a lasting blow. The irony is not lost on the Navajo” (312).

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