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63 pages 2 hours read

Jeanine Cummins

American Dirt

Fiction | Novel | Adult | Published in 2020

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Chapters 26-29Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Chapter 26 Summary

The migrants disembark at Nogales, which looks like a typical American city with wide streets, big cars, and a giant Coca-Cola sign. Soledad cries when she sees a highway sign indicating the way to the US. Lydia is both excited and exhausted by the time she gets off the train. She hesitates when the others mention lunch. Seeing her reticence, Beto offers to pay. Lydia fears he is cartel when she notices a wad of bills in his wallet as he pays for spicy stew at the birriería.

Soledad is anxious to see US soil. Beto points to an American flag in the distance. She is disappointed to see it behind three superposed walls topped by razor wire and cameras. On their side of the fence is a Mexican flag. Beto observes that the Mexican flag looks old and tattered next to its American counterpart. They walk to an opening in the fence and peer through.

Lydia questions Beto about his money. He gets defensive and tells her it is a reward for returning a gun and drugs to a stoned dealer. She asks how he plans to get across the border. He tells her that some children hand themselves to border agents directly, that some Central Americans are eligible for asylum, and that those whose lives are in danger cannot be sent home. When he asks if her life is in danger, she responds, “Isn’t everyone’s?” (277).

Chapter 27 Summary

The sisters contact El Chacal from a pay phone. Soledad tells him they are in Nogales and that three people want to join their crossing. He asks if the newcomers are fit for the journey and arranges to meet them at a nearby plaza. The girls try to reach their father, but they do not have enough money. Lydia worries about exposure, accessing her mother’s bank account, and putting her trust in a stranger. Despite deep reservations, she realizes she has no choice but to hand over what remains of her money to El Chacal.

The coyote is reluctant to take two children across the border, but Beto claims he is a 23-year-old with a growth disorder, while Lydia and Luca assure him they can pull their weight. He remains skeptical, but eventually acquiesces. Lydia balks at the price of crossing per person (5,000 dollars). She finds a bank, knowing she does not have enough money to cover the costs. She catches a glimpse of her reflection in the window and is shocked to see the changes to her physical appearance. The maximum daily withdrawal at the ATM is 6,000 pesos. Lydia tells the branch manager, Paola, that her mother is deceased and that she wishes to close her account. Paola asks for a death certificate and a copy of her mother’s will. She is shocked when Lydia recounts the circumstances leading to her departure from Acapulco. The two bond when Paola tells Lydia her nephew was beheaded by the cartels the year before. Despite the risk to her job, Paola closes the account and hands Lydia an envelope of money.

Chapter 28 Summary

Lydia pays El Chacal in dollars and pesos, but she is short by nearly 400 dollars. He tells her she and Luca can stay in the apartment, but that he will need the rest of the money before they leave. She ponders how she will come up with it in two days. Rebeca offers to ask César before Beto steps in with the money. Lydia is suspicious but grateful. El Chacal tells them to relax in the apartment while they wait for other migrants. Lydia finds comfort in an old Stephen King novel.

Two young men and an older woman named Marisol arrive with El Chacal the next morning. Lydia offers to cook if the men pay for groceries. She and Luca set off, joined by Marisol. Marisol reveals that she was recently deported from California, her home of 16 years. She tells Lydia she spent two months in a detention center before being deported. She, her husband, and first daughter initially entered the US legally, but her husband’s death in a car accident left them without a visa. As a US citizen, only Marisol’s second daughter was permitted to stay in the country. Lydia ponders the cruelty of separating parents from their children before spying graffiti of a sickle with an owl perched on the blade on the side of a building. Reminded that Javier is still looking for them, she says goodbye to Marisol and chastises herself for letting her guard down.

Lydia is distressed to see Lorenzo when she returns to the apartment. He, too, is crossing with El Chacal. He repeats that he is no longer with Los Jardineros and is therefore not a threat to Lydia. She informs him that the cartel is in Nogales. Lorenzo is visibly disturbed by the news. Soledad goes for a walk while Lydia and Marisol prepare omelets. She gazes through the border fence before spitting through it, leaving a piece of herself on US soil. 

Chapter 29 Summary

Lydia’s maternal instincts kick in when she notices Lorenzo isn’t eating. Her kindness takes him off guard. El Chacal arrives the next morning with five more migrants: two brothers named Choncho and Slim, their teenaged sons, David and Ricardín, and a deportee named Nicolás, a former PhD student at the University of Arizona. El Chacal encourages them to rest and hydrate in preparation for the crossing. He also advises them to get warm clothes, good walking shoes, and not to wear bright colors.

Marisol reveals she was arrested during a routine immigration check-in, while Nicolás confesses he never went to his appointments. Lydia learns that ICE has discretion in matters of deportation and that until recently law-abiding individuals could remain in the country. As an English-speaking homeowner with an American-born daughter, Marisol did not believe she would be deported. She decries the time she wasted in detention as well as the practice of separating parents from their children at the border.

Soledad returns from a walk to find everyone in the apartment asleep but Lorenzo. She asks if she can use his cell phone. He hands it to her after making a suggestive remark. She calls the hospital in San Pedro Sula. Ángela comes on the line and tells Soledad that her father is dead. Guilt-ridden, Soledad finds her way into the streets and cries. She decides not to inform Rebeca of their father’s death. She prays for his forgiveness before returning to the apartment.

Chapters 26-29 Analysis

Chapters 26-29 focus on the migrants’ time in Nogales before undertaking the trek across the US-Mexico border. Lydia and Luca are miles away from Acapulco, but no matter how much distance they put between themselves and the site of the massacre, danger is always near. While running errands with Marisol in Chapter 28, Lydia notices graffiti announcing the presence of Los Jardineros. She is particularly startled by the owl wearing Javier’s distinctive eyeglasses. The message scrawled where the lenses should be, “he is still looking for you” (295), is clearly directed at her and Luca. The sense of not being able to outrun the past also touches Lorenzo, who is visibly frightened by the news that Los Jardineros is in Nogale: “He blanches. Gone is the smile, the arrogant posture. He sits up and clears his throat. His shoulders hunch automatically, so Lydia can see it’s authentic. Lorenzo is afraid” (300).

Previous chapters highlighted various challenges facing migrants, including the risks of riding La Bestia, the lack of food, water, and shelter, and the dangers presented by corrupt immigration officials. Chapter 28 shifts the emphasis to a different threat to migrants: family separation. Marisol’s story brings the issue to Lydia’s attention. Marisol was living in the US for 16 years before being deported. She left behind two adolescent daughters, only one of whom is a US citizen. Lydia cannot fathom a system that forces parents to leave their minor children unsupervised.

The topic of family separation also arises in Chapter 29, when Marisol laments the time she spent in a detention center, only to be deported: “Two months I sat in that cell without my daughters […] So many mothers in there without their daughters, without their children” (308). She describes the harrowing impact the child-separation policy has on families, particularly infants who are too young to understand what is happening.

Before the massacre of her family, Lydia was not the kind of mother who kept constant tabs on her son. Although she was a loving and devoted mother, she enjoyed breaks from parenting. On occasion, she even resented the demands her child placed on her time and energy. All that changed the moment of the massacre. Lydia’s newfound attachment to Luca makes the child-separation policy more difficult for her to apprehend.

Soledad experiences profound changes over the course of Chapters 26-29. She is damaged but still hopeful when she first arrives in Nogales. By the end of Chapter 29, however, she is a different person. The decisive moment occurs when she calls the hospital in San Pedro Sula and learns of her father’s death. Filled with grief and guilt, she vows to keep the news from her sister: “Rebeca must survive the desert, and she might not survive the desert if she has to do it while carrying this monster on her back” (312). Soledad’s transformation is complete before she even returns to the apartment: “When she stands up from that curb, Soledad is already a ghost of herself. Very deep within her, there’s still some smoldering wick that was once the flame of her person, but she cannot feel it there” (312). 

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By Jeanine Cummins