Always Running

Over the course of the memoir, Luis’ grows from a shy, timid child to a hardened gang member. What in the author’s early childhood contributed to his eventual gang membership? Consider factors such as his family, his educational opportunities, his class status, and his neighborhood. 

Examine the character of Chente Ramirez. While Rodriguez disdains most adults and authority figures, Chente remains a constant, positive presence throughout Luis’ adolescence. Why do you think this is? What makes Chente so important to Luis? 

Consider the role of women in this memoir. How does Luis interact with the women in his family, love interests, and other female characters? Does he treat certain women differently based on their status? Characters of particular importance might be Luis’ mother, Viviana, or any of the nameless women he witnesses being sexually assaulted.

Compare and contrast Luis and his brother, Jose (also known as Joe). These two boys come from the exact same background, and yet their paths diverge. In what ways are Luis and his brother similar? In what ways are they different, either by nature of choice? Why do you think they end up following such different paths? 

The phrase “la vida loca” or “the crazy life” is used repeatedly, including in the book’s subtitle. What is the meaning of this phrase in Luis’ life? Does his opinion of “la vida loca” change as the memoir progresses? In what way? 

Compare and contrast Luis’ response to injustice in his various schools with his response to acts of aggression from rival gangs? What tactics does he (or his friends) utilize in these situations? Consider acts of violence and non-violence. In your opinion, what is most effective?

Who does Luis blame for the continuation of gang violence? In what ways do he attempt to stop it while he is a gang member? What course of action does he recommend now that he has left gang life? 

This memoir is set in the 1960s and 1970s. Do you think Luis’ experiences would be different if he had been a teenager in the 2010s? Why or why not? Explain your reasoning.