45 pages • 1 hour read
Sheldon VanaukenA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
In May, as spring arrives, Van is still at work on the Illumination of the Past, and the exercise has forced him into spending his time thinking about two major topics: the relationship between time and eternity and the reality of God’s mercy. Attempting to contemplate the reality of God and Davy’s continued existence in the afterlife, Van speculates that Davy must now be separated from time in a way that he was not. He begins to see time as an obstacle that must be contended with and that the human sense of time gives a glimpse into the reality of eternity and eternal life.
As a result of this line of thinking, Van starts to see the truth of the human desire for God as something implanted within everyone and that partial glimpses of real joy and beauty in the world are just the soul’s desire for the ultimate truth and beauty of God. He relates: “I came to wonder whether all objects that men and women set their hearts upon, even the darkest and most obsessive desires, do not begin as intimations of joy from the sole spring of joy, God” (208). All these thoughts he also writes about to Lewis, with whom he continues to correspond in the days after Davy’s death. Lewis helps him to see that it was the Christian faith and love of God that allowed him and Davy to purify their love of any selfishness and narcissism and that Davy’s death could be seen to be “severe mercy” (211) that allowed their love to be kept whole and intact, since “every merely natural love has to be crucified before it can achieve resurrection” (211).
Davy’s death had been the one thing that brought him outside himself and toward God in a final and ultimate way. In realizing this, Van thinks back to the time when Davy had offered her life for him, realizing their prayer for her to survive another year had been answered, and all their prayers had been answered.
Two years after the death of Davy, Van has a dream that he believes is a vision or apparition. He dreams that he is back in Oxford and encounters Davy, fully present to him as if she were alive again. They talk about the time that has passed, if she is with him, and if she ever read any of the letters he wrote. Davy reassures Van of her love for him and says goodbye one last time. Upon waking, Van remembers what Lewis told him about coincidences and providence and understands the dream as Davy’s final act of love for him.
Two weeks later, Van sails for England, and during the voyage, he drops Davy’s wedding ring overboard into the ocean. Finally back in Oxford, the city brings Van right back in memory to all the times that he had shared with Davy and their friends. Van discovers that in the months since his last letter from Lewis, Lewis has gotten married to a woman named Joy, who is in the midst of what would prove to be a terminal illness. At this point, Lewis had moved from Oxford to Cambridge, so Van takes the train to visit him. In speaking to Lewis about his experience with his now suffering wife, Lewis tells Van that he understands certain things Van had related about his final days with Davy with greater clarity.
Upon returning to Virginia after his visit, Van arrives and realizes that he has no more tears to shed, which, in turn, causes him a new kind of grief—“the disappearance of the sense of the beloved’s presence and, therefore, the end of tears—this is the Second Death” (231). The disappearance of Davy’s constant presence and memory brings not happiness, as his prior memories had, but a kind of emptiness. This was now Van’s new normal, a state of life that would be different from what had come before. Van realizes that this new view of life doesn’t mean he loves Davy any less, simply that it would now be different and would last until the day of his death.
In the final portion of the novel, the author continues to narrate the various stages of his grief and the process he had to undergo to find a new way of living without the person he loved most in the world. The Illumination of the Past had begun to make possible the collection of the various eras of their life into a single, unified narrative. In death, strangely, the author’s love for Davy is woven together into a single act by which he can love every moment of Davy’s existence all at once. The meaning of their life together also comes to light in the act of remembering since the Christian worldview affirms that all the various acts of providence to guide them to their final end can only be seen in hindsight. From an eternal perspective, however, they can all be seen simultaneously, but from a finite, human point of view, the past makes sense only by referring them to their final end.
In this act of memorial contemplation, the author contemplates the relation of time and eternity and finally understands how he had a sense of Davy’s presence. If Davy truly were with God in eternity, her presence would now exist outside of time and space. This would mean two things: first, that her presence would genuinely be able to comfort him in a way that didn’t need to make sense from his limited perspective; second, that as he now felt her presence begin to fade from his consciousness, this also needed to make sense since their experience of the flow of time was now severed from one another. No longer could the Shining Barrier protect their loving union; death had dissolved the earthly bond of their love. What death had not done, however, was destroy their love, for not only could they still love one another—as both were still alive, though in different states of living—but they were also able to share their love of the highest good: God.
The two final realities to which the author found himself conforming his mind came in the final stages of his grieving process. The first was coming to a complete understanding of his wife’s death as, in the words of Lewis, a severe mercy. This severe mercy was the mercy of God in allowing Davy to come home to the life of the blessed in heaven—for which she was longing—and, simultaneously, allowed the author to be wholly consumed with love for God. The experience of Davy’s death, as the author will admit, brought him closer to God and to the realities of the faith than anything else had ever done. This is, in part, the author’s answer to the problem of evil: Why do bad things happen to good people? Why does God allow suffering and pain? For the author, this is part of the mystery, the reality that human beings often are taught the most—and come to know the true meaning of love—in times of great sorrow and grief.
The final truth revealed by the process is the understanding that when a loved one dies, those who mourn them must undergo two different deaths. The first is when death occurs, but the second occurs when the person’s memory begins to fade and die in the mind of those left behind. This second death comes with its own sense of sorrow and loss, and in a way (as the author points out), is almost more difficult than the first since the presence of the deceased is no longer present constantly in the heart. This causes its own sorrow and must be born with patience and grief.
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