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48 pages 1 hour read

Jeanine Cummins

A Rip in Heaven

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2004

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Prologue-Chapter 3Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Prologue Summary

Cummins begins in 1991, as her family drives from their home in Gaithersburg, Maryland, near Washington, DC, then the murder capital of the United States, to Missouri for spring break. Cummins, her brother Tom, and her sister Kathy thought they were tough, but they had no idea of the brutality that would occur to them in Missouri.

Cummins’s nickname is Tink, and that is the way she is referred to in the story. Julie and Robin Kerry are her cousins. Cummins describes the book as “both a true crime and a memoir” because the violent crime at the center of the book happened to her own family (2). The book is based on her review of “the facts, the evidence, the transcripts, the court documents, the media coverage and the testimony” of the case (2). She notes that while her portrayal is fair, it is not unbiased.

Chapter 1 Summary

Tink, Kathy, and Tom Cummins share the kids table with their cousins Julie, Robin, and Jamie Kerry. The next day the Cummins family is set to drive back home to Gaithersburg. Julie is a 20-year-old poet and soccer star, and both Tink and Tom adore her. Kathy idolizes Robin for being a vegetarian. The kids play cards before moving to play outside. Ironically, the nine-year-old Jamie behaves the most maturely, while the older adolescents “embraced their last vestiges of childhood” (6).

Tom asks his father Gene if he can go out with Julie that night. Gene denies his request, and Tom sneaks out. Tink wants to go with him, but Kathy convinces her that they will never be able to sneak out with him successfully. Tink is described as the constant “dreamer,” while her sister Kathy is more “grounded and sensible” (8). Nineteen-year-old Tom nervously waits outside until he is sure his parents are asleep.

Julie and Robin pick Tom up, and together they go to see the poem that Julie has spray-painted on the Old Chain of Rocks Bridge. The adolescents have no idea that St. Louis has the third-highest metropolitan murder rate in the country and that imminent danger awaits them.

Chapter 2 Summary

Cummins explains that on this night, April 4, 1991, Tom is changing from a deadbeat high school student to a fireman and professional, thanks largely to Julie’s influence. She makes him more confident expressing himself and has helped him grow as a person. He has turned from an apathetic, wannabe punk to a more stable adult.

His father Gene grew up very differently, obedient and responsible. Gene has a difficult time understanding his son, and this has given them a somewhat strained relationship, although Gene has never given up on Tom. Gene has worked as a Catholic deacon and eventually became the official chaplain of the fire department. Gene and Tom have since found common ground in their mutual interest in firefighting. Tom began a work-study program with the county fire academy, and his grades and outlook have improved significantly.

Tom’s parents once paid for him to take a trip to Florida with his cousin Julie, who was in college. He supported her interest in poetry, and she encouraged him to continue with the fire department. They shared their deepest secrets with each other. That week with Julie was “a crucial bridge between adolescence and adulthood” (17). Yet as Tom felt a “refreshing maturity and perspective” after that week, he “wept like a child” on the train ride home (17).

Tom and Julie continued to support one another, talking on the phone and sending letters. She sent him poems and song lyrics, and their friendship only grew after the Florida trip. On the night of April 4, 1991, Tom knows that Julie is his favorite person in the world.

Julie is a petite, energetic girl with untamable curly hair. She is a leader but also makes mischief. She enjoys having serious conversations about injustice and revels in speaking her mind. She is best friends with her sister Robin, and they both love music, poetry, and activism. Together they once raised $600 to buy food and Christmas gifts for two needy families in St. Louis.

Robin is also a petite, beautiful girl. She follows her sister in many things but remains her own person. She believes in karma, responsibility, and the basic goodness of all people. With Julie, she has done volunteer work at the Salvation Army, Amnesty International, and Greenpeace. She once punched a bully in the jaw to defend another kid.

On the road to the Old Chain of Rocks Bridge, Tom reflects on how fun of a week he has had with his cousins and his sisters. He remembers that Julie gave him a card three days ago. On the front was a poem about friendship, and inside Julie wrote to Tom that she loved him, that she could never forget him. She asked him to remember her.

They approach the Old Chain of Rocks Bridge, and Julie reflects on how much she loves the bridge. She is “at a bridge in her own life,” “crossing over from childhood to adulthood” (28). She wants to share this beloved place with her cousin Tom.

Chapter 3 Summary

Earlier that night, in Wentzville, Missouri, Marlin Gray drops off his girlfriend Eva at a friend’s house, telling her he will be back in an hour or two. He picks up Daniel Winfrey, an awkward 15-year-old with long hair and acne who has only recently started to hang out with Gray, who provides him with drugs and alcohol. Gray is a tall, large, 23-year-old man. He is the youngest of six children and is “used to getting his way (31). Growing up, he created an image of himself in his mind as an imposing leader, a handsome, charismatic man whom people naturally follow. Cummins highlights the idea that Gray’s demeanor is a deception, an act that everyone believes.

This is Winfrey’s first outing with Gray, and they head to St. Louis to pick up Gray’s friend, Reginald Clemons. Clemons is a thin, tidy 19-year-old. Clemons was always a respectful child who one of his mentors once described as a follower. Cummins interjects that the word “follower” is the “key to understanding Clemons’s psyche and the role he was about to play in a brutal and vicious crime” (33). He assimilates to whatever environment he is currently in. Unfortunately, he has surrounded himself with the wrong kind of people.

One of those people is Antonio Richardson, Clemons’s 16-year-old cousin. Unlike Clemons, Richardson grew up in a poor and broken household subsidized by food stamps. Cummins describes Richardson and his family as “just plain bad news” (34). He abandoned school, was charged with theft at 13, abused drugs and alcohol at 15, and was frequently abandoned for extended periods of time by his mother. Richardson enjoyed spending time at Clemons’s stable, tidy home.

On the evening of April 4, 1991, Richardson and Clemons meet Gray and Winfrey at Clemons’s house. Neither Gray nor Winfrey have met Richardson before. They get along well; Gray acts as the leader and Clemons as the quiet but stable influence. They soon go to another friend’s house, and Clemons loosens up. They drink beer, smoke marijuana, and by 11 they leave their friend’s house. Gray suggests they bring the party to the Old Chain of Rocks Bridge, and the others agree to go.

Prologue-Chapter 3 Analysis

One of the most notable themes that develops in these chapters is the transition from childhood to adulthood. In Chapter 1 Cummins emphasizes the innocence of the Cummins and Kerry children, noting how many of them are nearing the end of their childhoods. She notes that the adolescents, who are around 19 and 20 years of age, “played in the dusky evening with a wantonness that teenagers rarely feel comfortable exhibiting” (6). She purposefully characterizes the kids as behaving very innocently and youthfully during their time together. She also notes how Tom feels completely ridiculous that he is 19 yet still feels nervous to go out at night against his father’s wishes. This characterization of Tom as a guileless late adolescent juxtaposes in stark contrast with the tragedy that occurs later in the story. It highlights just how oblivious the kids are of the danger that awaits in the world. It also emphasizes their innocence, creating more pathos when the murders take place.

The theme of transitioning from childhood to adulthood continues in Chapter 2, as Cummins recounts how Tom, Julie, and Robin grew up together, with mutual support but also in their own respective ways. Cummins emphasizes this transition to highlight the tragedy of losing one’s life before having the chance to reach one’s true potential, an idea that is developed as the book progresses. In particular, Cummins highlights Julie’s and Robin’s best qualities and imparts to the reader their vast potential.

It is notable that Cummins dedicates so much of the book to telling Julie and Robin’s stories, because so many true-crime books do not tell the story of the victim’s life, only their death. Cummins is determined to tell the story of Julie and Robin, as well as Tom, and not just to tell the story of the murder and the ensuing investigation. She takes great care to inform the reader what rich lives each of the victims led up until the murder. While this serves to provide additional pathos to the telling of the murder itself, it is also Cummins’s own tribute to her beloved cousins.

Chapter 3 briefly shifts focus to the four criminals who murder Julie and Robin. This chapter serves to set up the murder at the bridge from the perspective of the four young men who committed the crime. She tells their backstories and even goes so far as to imagine their thoughts, actions, and motivations on the evening before the murders. Cummins pays particular attention to the family lives of some of the men, especially Richardson. She emphasizes the broken family life that led Richardson to delinquency and crime, highlighting a major difference between the four criminals and Julie, Robin, and Tom: family.

As the book progresses, the importance of family is stressed, and the lack of family support and nourishment is meant to explain why the four men committed these crimes. Clemons, however, can be considered the exception that proves the rule. Cummins notes that he grew up in a stable, religious household, yet he had the misfortune to hang out with the wrong people, like his cousin Richardson. Despite his family stability, Clemons falls in with criminals and delinquents.

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By Jeanine Cummins