59 pages • 1 hour read
John IrvingA modern alternative to SparkNotes and CliffsNotes, SuperSummary offers high-quality Study Guides with detailed chapter summaries and analysis of major themes, characters, and more.
Both John’s and Owen’s lives are changed by the foul ball Owen hits that strikes and kills John’s mother, Tabby. The novel emphasizes how remarkable it is that this event occurred at all, given that the baseball coach never instructed Owen to swing at pitches due to his size. In the years that follow, John grows desperate to find the baseball, which disappeared after the game. As John is certain that Owen has hidden it, the baseball represents the unspoken secrets between them. The police chief’s reference to the baseball as “the instrument of death” (37) parallels the language Owen will later use for himself when he insists his voice is evidence he is “God’s instrument” (341). In this way, the baseball is a symbol of harm.
The baseball, however, takes on additional meaning when it reveals to John that Rev. Merrill is his father. That Merrill confesses to praying for Tabby’s death the moment before the baseball struck her posthumously relieves Owen of the responsibility for Tabby’s death and places it on Rev. Merrill. In this way, the baseball also symbolizes a revelation, as Owen had been adamant that God would reveal to John the identity of his father. The baseball fulfills this prophecy in an unexpected way.
Headstones are a recurring motif in the narrative. When Owen plays the role of the “Ghost of Christmases Yet to Come” in Dan Needham’s direction of Dickens’s A Christmas Carol, he is certain that he witnesses his own name and date of death carved onto the prop headstone of Ebenezer Scrooge. Though others try to convince Owen that this cannot be true—blaming a severe fever he suffered throughout the performance—Owen insists that this is indeed what he saw. This moment symbolizes Owen’s life purpose as being an agent of God. Coupled with the dream in which he witnesses images of the events surrounding his death, Owen becomes convinced not only that God is revealing his future death to him, but that Owen is a tool by which the lives of others will be saved. Years later, Owen will create his own actual headstone in his father’s granite shop, complete with his eventual military rank and the correct date of his death. In this way, he makes his dream literal, “cementing” its truth for all to know. Both headstones, too, are reminiscent of the wedding gift that Owen made for Tabby Wheelwright—a stone with her wedding date that resembled, in John’s view, a headstone. At this time, John feels as though Owen were foretelling Tabby’s death. In a manner of speaking, he is.
Importantly, this motif underscores Owen’s ability to know the future and the novel’s theme of Mortality and the Inevitability of Death. Owen, certain that he has been singled out by God, does not fear his death and does not attempt to avoid or thwart its unfolding. Instead, he spends much of his life taking steps to ensure that his death unfolds in the manner that it has been revealed to him in his recurring dream.
Starting in childhood, Owen and John repeatedly practice slam-dunking a basketball. It is a mutual effort in which John lifts Owen to the hoop, with a goal of completing the shot under four seconds; later, Owen will aim for a three-second goal. John often finds the practicing tedious and boring and does not understand Owen’s fervor in pursuing his obsession. The reason for perfecting the basketball shot only becomes clear to John when he must pass a lit grenade to Owen before it detonates. His small size allows John to lift him so that the grenade can be moved over a window ledge and out of harm’s way: “I had been practicing lifting up Owen Meany—forever” (623). The motif of the shot connects thematically to Destiny and Human Agency. While Owen believes he and John are destined to pull off their final “shot,” his insistence on practicing it relentlessly suggests that Owen understands that his own agency is necessary to fulfill his destiny.
Owen’s unusually small size and unique voice, described as a “falsetto” or a “permanent scream,” set him apart immediately. These physical features imply he is a kind of “other” who is, in more than one way, different. Yet, his differences prove to be a gift, rather than a hindrance. His physical qualities are the first hints, in Owen’s estimation, that God has specially chosen him as an instrument. As he ages, he obtains further evidence that supports his theory. When the moment of Owen’s death comes, his small size allows John to lift him, ensuring that Owen can move the grenade away from the children. Likewise, Owen—who has learned Vietnamese during his military training—gains the trust of the Vietnamese refugee children, who immediately follow his orders due to his childlike voice. Thus, Owen’s size and voice are the physical representation of his role as a Christ figure.
Owen’s voice, too, becomes symbolic of God’s voice to John. After Owen’s death, there are instances where John quite literally hears Owen’s voice. Importantly, Owen’s voice instructs John to look inside Rev. Merrill’s desk drawer; there John discovers the foul ball that struck and killed his mother, proving that Rev. Merrill is John’s father. Owen’s voice, then, is symbolic of God’s voice, as, prior to his death, Owen repeatedly insisted to John that God would one day reveal his father’s identity to him.
By John Irving