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42 pages 1 hour read

Alicia Elliott

A Mind Spread Out on the Ground

Nonfiction | Autobiography / Memoir | Adult | Published in 2019

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Essay 14Chapter Summaries & Analyses

Essay 14 Summary: “Extraction Mentalities”

In her 14th and final essay, Elliott speaks to her personal experiences with abuse from her father, and then draws connections to the abuse of the state, both contemporarily and historically. What sets this essay apart from the others is that the author stops to ask the reader questions about their own opinions or assumptions to make the text more interactive. This ends the book on a more action-oriented, personal note, elaborating on the struggle of loving someone who is also abusive; the ways in which one can be both a loveable human being and an abusive person; and the ways in which a nation such as Canada abuses and gaslights those who live within its borders in order to extract gain. The essay brings up the contradictions in the human experience, describing how the author’s father could be kind, thoughtful, and encouraging of her aspirations, but also physically, verbally, and emotionally abusive toward the rest of the family. This continues the cycle of abuse that he endured and that his foreparents endured at the Indian residential schools. On a wider scale, this begs the question of how and if a nation state and its inhabitants can stop this abusive behavior that is fueled by capitalist and colonial ideals—especially when the need to extract value at all costs seems to be a cornerstone of the Canadian state. Just as her father abused her and the rest of the family, then gaslighted them into thinking the abuse was all in their heads, Elliott illustrates how Canada extracts all that it can from those within its borders, and then gaslights those who have been exploited by belittling and sweeping away their concerns. Ultimately, Elliott ends this essay with several questions as to what the reader wants, and if those wants are based in capitalism, colonialism, or extraction.

Essay 14 Analysis

The final essay in A Mind Spread Out on the Ground explores the outcomes of an extraction mentality and the contradictions inherent in abusive relationships: The author’s loving, supportive father also physically and mentally harmed his family members, perpetuating the cycle of abuse that was instilled in the survivors of the Indian residential school system in Canada and their descendants. By laying out the ways Canada has taken everything it can from its less powerful inhabitants at the lowest cost possible, Elliot draws a direct link between what she calls the “extraction mentality” and the abuse she personally endured, adding another layer to the theme of intergenerational trauma and Indigenous oppression by the nation-state.

This essay follows a similar format to previous ones, oscillating between a very personal depiction of Elliott’s relationship with her father—which has not been explored to this depth previously—and the ways in which Canada has abused those living within the lands it holds power over. By ending the book with her less-explored relationship to her Indigenous parent, she looks more closely at the intersection of trauma and abuse, tying together the biggest themes from the book. What stands out as unique to this essay is the format of asking the reader questions and including spaces for the reader to answer those questions. In involving the reader this explicitly, and even addressing the readers’ potential responses or lack of responses, the author ends her book on a new level of personal intimacy. Although previously she had disclosed very intimate details of her life, this format creates a sense of agency for the reader, and this can encourage the reader to feel more ability and responsibility to personally address the issues Elliott raises throughout the book.

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