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84 pages 2 hours read

Melissa Fleming

A Hope More Powerful Than the Sea

Nonfiction | Biography | Adult | Published in 2017

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Key Figures

Doaa

Doaa is the novel’s protagonist, and the narrative tells her tragic-yet-hopeful story of a girl who forced to flee from the Syrian civil war. During the story, she faces her greatest fears and extreme violence, but Doaa manages to not only survive but save the life of a baby girl. The events of the story change Doaa. In the early stages of the book, she focuses primarily on being useful for her family, for her country, and for the ideals that she wishes to uphold. This is why she becomes involved in the protest movement and why she risks her life to help members of the Free Syrian Army. Doaa’s one desire in life is to have a purpose and her story becomes a quest to find that sense of purpose. In Syria, this search leads her to the protest movement. As the protests worsen, she begins to understand the true authoritarian nature of her government. She feels compelled to rebel, and helping the protest movement gives her life a sense of meaning. Whether she is washing tear gas from people’s eyes or hiding rebel combatants in her home, she is never happier than when her actions have tangible, meaningful results. For this, she is willing to risk everything, including her own health and safety.

When the family flees Syria, Doaa can no longer enact meaningful change in her country. She longs to return to Syria, not only because of her homesickness but because being involved in the protests gave her a purpose. It is only when she begins to work and support her family in Egypt that she finds a similar satisfaction. She works long, hard hours to the point of exhaustion. But she is satisfied that she is able to support her family. Indeed, when Bassem offers to support her financially so that she will not have to work, she takes his offer as a grave insult. His offer to remove the purpose from her life reveals that he does not understand her at all. After the shipwreck, Doaa loses all hope. She watches those around her succumb to exhaustion and die, including Bassem. But she finds a new purpose. Keeping the babies alive serves the same purpose as the protests and the factory job: It gives a determined personality a reason to continue. Doaa survives not because of any great skill or luck, but because of her sheer determination. For her entire life, Doaa has needed to feel useful. In keeping the babies alive, she has the most purposeful task imaginable. Ultimately, saving others saves Doaa. 

Bassem

If Doaa’s story is about her search for purpose in her life, then Bassem’s role is to show her that there is more to life than hard work and determination. A successful business owner, a former solider, and the love of Doaa’s life, Bassem’s story is tragic. In Syria, he was a successful barber and the owner of his own salon. In many respects, he represents the success which Doaa’s father could never achieve. But he loses everything. His brother dies in the civil war and Bassem cannot return to Syria without risking his life. He travels to Egypt and meets Doaa. He falls in love with her and the thought of being with her gives him a new outlook on life. For months, he tries to convince her to accept his proposal and eventually she says yes. The months that Bassem and Doaa spend together are perhaps the happiest in their lives. Even against the backdrop of rising violence toward Syrians in Egypt, the two spend their evenings talking together and dreaming of a better future. They fall deeply in love and cannot imagine being apart. It is this love which motivates them to flee to Europe. They need to make the journey for their own future. They make the mutual agreement and, after several failed attempts, they board a boat. When this ends tragically and the two fall into the water, Bassem eventually dies. But before he passes, he repeatedly asks Doaa for forgiveness and proclaims his love for her. He dies believing that the accident was his fault, that he brought Doaa onto the boat with him. Though Doaa forgives Bassem, he begins to hallucinate in his final hours and it is not clear whether he truly understands that the woman he loves does not blame him for their suffering. For all of Bassem’s success, he dies worried that he has doomed the woman that he loves. Amid the countless tragedies of the lives of the refugees, Bassem’s personal tragedies seem even starker and more punishing than most. 

Hanaa

Doaa’s mother Hanaa is perhaps the most important figure in the family. While Shokri is the patriarch and the breadwinner, it is Hanaa who truly understands her children. She recognizes in Doaa the kind of headstrong, determined attitude which is almost impossible to change. She truly understands Doaa, so much so that she knows better than to try and reason with the girl when Doaa makes up her mind. When Doaa demands that they visit their relatives’ house despite the fighting in the street, for instance, Hanaa recognizes her daughter’s emotive state. She acquiesces to the request and spends a frenetic few hours dodging bullets in the street. But while this might have made her see Doaa in a negative light, Hanaa never stops caring. When Doaa develops a medical issue, it is Hanaa who leads her through the same dangerous streets. No matter the circumstances, no matter the events of the past, Hanaa’s love and devotion to her children is unwavering. She understands her daughter better than anyone else, which is why she does not try and prevent Doaa and Bassem from making the dangerous journey to Europe. While her daughter and son-in-law are crossing the sea, Hanaa cannot help but worry. She searches for any rumor and is desperate for news. When none comes, she begins to fear the worst. When she finally hears from Doaa, she recognizes the pain in her daughter’s voice. Hanaa does not press Doaa to tell her the truth about Bassem but understands that something is wrong. Even hundreds of miles away, Hanaa can intuit her children’s emotive state. She does not think about testing Doaa’s delicate emotional state so is content to allow her daughter to mourn in peace. Even though she is desperate for information, Hanaa prioritizes her daughter’s well-being, just as she would for any of her children. 

Melissa Fleming

Though she is only present in the epilogue, Melissa Fleming plays an important role in a narrative sense. Melissa is the conduit through which Doaa tells her story. Her presence comes up whenever the narrative takes a moment to provide historical context, figures, or background information about the plight of the refugees. In these moments of editorialization (particularly found in the final chapter), the authorial voice begins to separate slightly from Doaa’s perspective. This subtle yet important separation widens the lens of the story and compels the reader to think more about the plight of refugees around the world. With so much suffering, Melissa’s role is to ensure that the audience understands the universality of the suffering endured by Doaa. As a result, the characters in the text are not merely characters but actual people mired in real conflict, suffering, and tragedy

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